Perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose em cidades-gêmeas do Brasil no período de 2013 a 2022

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Lemes, Veridielza Buginski
• Orientador(a): Ferreira, Helder
• Banca de defesa: Nihei, Oscar Kenji , Gamarra, Carmen Justina
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná; Foz do Iguaçu
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública em Região de Fronteira
• Departamento: Centro de Educação Letras e Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Infecção por mycobacterium tuberculosis; Doença da fronteira; Saúde na fronteira
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Border disease; Border health
• Palavras-chave em Espanhol: Infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Enfermedad de la frontera; Salud fronteriza
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA
• Link de acesso: https://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/7446

The etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB) is the facultative intracellular parasite Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), an opportunistic bacterium that mainly affects immunosuppressed people and populations in situations of health and social vulnerability. Until the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), this disease was the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, making it a highly prevalent disease among the low socioeconomic level of the population and marginalized sectors of the community. Thus, in order to contain TB, it is important to monitor patients, disease trends and case outcomes using data recorded in the Health Information Systems (SIS). TB is recorded through the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). This study aimed to analyze the number of TB cases reported in Brazilian twin and non-twin cities, as well as to investigate the incidence, prevalence and mortality in these locations. In terms of methodology, this is a quantitative, descriptive, epidemiological study based on secondary data obtained from the SINAN database between June 2013 and 2022. 33 Brazilian twin cities were analyzed in relation to each other and to cities with a similar number of inhabitants in the same state (a city that does not border another country), also taking into account the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI). In this study, the incidence, mortality, prevalence and abandonment rates of tuberculosis were compared between twin and non-twin cities located in different geographical arcs. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the rates between the groups, and the Kruskal Wallis test was used to check for differences in the rates between the twin cities in the three arcs. The results showed that twin cities had higher rates of TB incidence (p=0.0434), mortality (p=0.0379) and prevalence (p=0.0368) compared to non-twin cities. When analyzing the different geographical arcs, it was observed that the Southern Arc had the lowest prevalence (H=7.818, p=0.020) and incidence (H=7.497, p=0.0235) rates, compared to the Northern and Central Arcs. These findings suggest that the population living in border towns, especially in Arcos Norte and Central, is more susceptible to tuberculosis. This vulnerability may be associated with various factors, such as unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, limited access to health services and greater exposure to risk factors for the disease. This research highlights the importance of implementing specific public health policies for border populations, with the aim of strengthening TB epidemiological surveillance, expanding access to diagnosis and treatment and promoting health education actions.