Atividade quimioprotetora do extrato de maçã na carcinogênese bucal quimicamente induzida pela 4-nitroquinolina 1-óxido em ratos

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Flavia Andressa Pidone [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Oral cancer; Apple; Chemoprevention; Histopathology; Gene expression; Câncer de boca; Maçã; Quimioprevenção; Histopatologia; Expressão gênica
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=1325848; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47471

Head and neck cancers represent 10% of malignant tumors, and approximately 40% of them are located in the oral cavity. In Brazil oral cancer, is considered the sixth most frequent types in men and the eight most common in women. In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in interest in food classified as nutraceuticals, because they are able to prevent diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemoprotective potential of apple extract following rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4 nitroquinoline 1 oxide. A total of 30 male Wistar rats eight weeks-old were distributed into five groups, as follows: Group 1- negative control (no treatment); Group 2 - received food and 4NQO at a dose of 20 ppm in drinking water for 8 weeks and treated with apple extract at 1 mL dose by gavage daily during the first four weeks; Group 3 - received food and 4NQO at a dose of 20 ppm in drinking water for 8 weeks and treated with apple extract at 1 mL dose by gavage between the 5th and 8th week daily; Group 4 - received food and water ad libitum and apple extract by gavage for 8 consecutive weeks; Group 5 - positive control that received food and 4NQO at a dose of 20 ppm in drinking water for 8 weeks daily. Histopathology, gene expression of COX-2, TNF-alpha, eNOS, iNOS, caspase-3, cytochrome c, MnSOD, Cu/ZnSOD and catalase were assessed. Histopathological analysis showed that the apple extract was able to reduce hyperplastic, and dysplastic lesions found in the groups 2 and 3 when compared to group 4. Furthermore, a decrease in expression of COX-2 and TNF-alpha was noticed to groups 2 and 3 when compared to group 5. There was a significant increase in caspase-3 in the expression of Cu / Zn and Mn genes, and cytochrome c in groups exposed to 4NQO and treated with apple extract. In summary, these results suggest that the apple extract was able to exert some chemoprotective effect during experimental oral carcingenesesis a result of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and apoptotic activities.