Caracterização de aspectos da produção articulatória do [ ſ ] tap por análise instrumental e resultados de intervenção

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Barberena, Luciana da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Fonoaudiologia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana; Centro de Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ultrassonografia; Fonoaudiologia; Transtornos da articulação; Transtornos da linguagem; Fonoterapia; Articulation disorders; Ultrasonography; Speech; Language and hearing sciences; Language disorders; Speech therapy; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FONOAUDIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11876

The following research has been conducted aiming to characterize articulatory gestures of liquid [ɾ] tap, and its pairs [l] and [j], in typical adults, typical and atypical children, applying speech ultrasonography, and also check the effects of intervention with the use of this instrument in atypical children, in accordance with the Gestural Speech Therapy (Albano 2001). The diagnosis of speech disorders was determined by speech therapy evaluations. The sample consisted of three groups: 30 typical adults aged 19-44 years old, 30 typical and 30 atypical children aged between four and eight years old. For all groups it has been performed ultrasound scan evaluation of speech. The first step of the research compared the three groups in the average variability of production for [ɾ], [l], and [j], characterizing the articulatory gestures in each group. The second step examined the articulatory gestures of atypical children in [ɾ] tap replacements for [l] or [j] besides comparing the gestures regarding age and gender between the groups of children. In the third stage there was the intervention in eight atypical children of different ages, gender, and severity of speech changes. This study proposed a treatment model supported by ultrasound scan in the ratings and as a feedback in the intervention sessions. Ultrasound scan analyzes were collected by recording pattern sentences containing 15 words in the following vowel contexts /a/, /i/ and /u/ in [ɾ] and their peers [l] and [j]. Six replicates were recorded for each word, being analyzed about 90 images for each subject. For the delimitation of gestures, it was considered the maximum elevation of the tongue tip, applying Articulate Assistant Advanced software (AAA) and images in the sagittal plane/Mode B. The points that intercepted the language curves were analyzed by statistical tool R. In analysis of the mean variations of the standard deviations of the three groups with each other, it was applied for repeated measurements ANOVA and multiple comparison test post-hoc by Bonferroni. Comparing the word by groups, we used the Kruskal-Wallis test complemented post-hoc by Tukey and Kramer (Nemenyi). For the atypical children taking part in the intervention process, it has been compared the words with [ɾ] and their peers [l] and [j] in each intervention period. The graphics of the language profile for all groups were obtained from the range calculation with 95% confidence. The results showed that: [ɾ] and [l] present two articulatory gestures in a single oral articulator; [ɾ] demands greater lingual complexity [l]; there was a significant difference in the average variability of gestures between the groups, with a higher difference between adults and atypical children due to the fact that they have less differentiation of articulatory gestures [ɾ] and atypical [l]. Atypical children have gradients of hits in their apparent "errors" by producing [ɾ]. The articulatory gestures have lower lingual differentiation according to age and gender. The proposed treatment model facilitated the acquisition of [ɾ]. The lower the ability to differentiate the articulatory gestures involved in attempts to [ɾ] associated with lower gravity, the greater the treatment time required for the acquisition of this segment.