Mulheres pescadoras - mulheres mangabeiras : o desvelar das territorialidades das extrativistas em Indiaroba/SE

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Eline Almeida
• Orientador(a): Melo e Souza, Rosemeri
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Geografia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geografia humana; Territorialidade humana; Recursos naturais; Indiaroba (SE); Resiliência; Ecologia; Extrativismo; Gênero; Populações tradicionais; Territorialidades; Indicadores de resiliência
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Extractivism; Gender; Traditional populations; Territorialities; Indicators of resilience
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/10370

The traditional populations of Sergipe face socioeconomic, environmental and cultural problems, reflecting the intense exploration of natural resources, monoculture, real estate speculation, deforestation of native fields and enclosure of land. Involved in this scenario, extractivist women testify the collapse of activity and their way of life. In Indiaroba, research area, mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) extractivism, practiced predominantly by women, and fishing are activities that are relevant for families, since they are the main sources of income. The study on screen presents as a central objective to analyze the biogeographic appropriation of the environmental resources from the feminine work, highlighting the elements that interfere in the socioecological resilience, as well as, the process of women’s organization, the forms of resistance and representativeness in the decisions in rights defense and strengthening of the social group. Territory, landscape and gender appear as guiding categories and foundations of research, in order to foster the understanding of space based on the relations of power established in the appropriation of environmental resources in the area of study. The systemic approach and the complexity interwine the scientific basis of the study in evidence, being woven from the resilience of communities and socioecological systems with the application of the Soil-ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS) methodology. The methodological procedures included observation, photographic record, interviews and participatory mapping workshops and score of the indicators. The relevance of the study of gender spatiality in a geographic perspective lies in the analysis and comprehension of the structuring of the work of men and women in craft activities; the social, political and economic organization of women; resistances and conflicts in the face of the idea that environmental resources are becoming scarce. Besides highlighting groups that are excluded from the geographical discourse. The mangaba fishermen are the most affected by the local transformations, since due to the process of degradation of the estuarine-mangrove system, deforestation of the restinga areas and the enclosures of former ports have increased distances and time for the access to resources, undermining incomes and decreasing productivity. In addition, they face the inequalities marked by gender hierarchy that is based on biological differentiation, defining for women the private space of reproduction and, for men, the public space of production. The sexual division of labor in extractivism contributes so that women do not occupy the spaces of power (the river / sea, the colony and associations), for the financial devaluation of their work and so that their performance in the sector is denied. Access to extraction areas has been one of the main demands of this group, since non-contact with the elements that forge their identity can lead to the expropriation of their way of life. In the process of making and discarding, the extractivists investigated, affirm themselves in the territory like fishermen-mangabeiras, they are strengthened and they dispute the power that is denied to them.