Análise de laudos anatomopatológicos de hanseníase em laboratórios do estado de Sergipe no período de 2007 a 2016

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Rosiane Santana Andrade
• Orientador(a): Tanajura, Diego Moura
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hanseníase; Patologia; Mycobacterium leprae; Disparidades econômicas regionais; Saúde; Disparidades nos níveis de saúde
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Disparities in health levels; Leprosy; Mycobacterium leprae; Pathology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::PARASITOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/11751

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic, infectious and systemic disease caused by the Mycobacterium leprae bacillus that can generate varied physical disabilities. It is a global sanitary problem that in Brazil and Sergipe is endemic. The clinical spectrum of the disease is based both on the Madrid classification and on the basis of clinical and sputum smears, divides it into two unstable types, indeterminate and dimorphic, and two stable tuberculoid and virchowian types, as well as the Ridley & Jopling classification, which is the most recommended in immunological studies and is based on histopathological, clinical and immunological criteria. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of leprosy in the state of Sergipe, from secondary data from anatomopathological reports, in public and private laboratories, between 2007 and 2016. Method: Collection of secondary data, from patients with leprosy diagnosis, from of anatomopathological reports of pathological anatomy laboratories in the state of Sergipe, including the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe (UH), and three private laboratories (PLs), from 2007 to 2016. Data were collected such as age, genus, city, study of bacilli by histology and clinical form. Results: A total of 988 reports of leprosy were collected, 308 of the only public laboratory in the state, the UH, and 680 reports of the PLs. The female gender was more affected, both in UH, and in PLs, with 52.27% and 52.06%, respectively. The metropolitan region of the greater Aracaju presented the highest concentration of patients, with 76.3% of the UH reports and 73.05% in the PLs. The most present clinical form was tuberculosis and indeterminate leprosy, with the number of cases being predominantly higher in PLs (p <0.0001). Regarding operational classification, negative smear microscopy was significantly higher in the PLs (p = 0.005). Linear trend analyzes of the time series of leprosy cases diagnosed in UH and PLs from 2007 to 2016 demonstrated a rising trend in the most severe forms in UH, while in PLs the tendency to increase was in the less severe forms of the disease. Conclusion: In light of the above, we can observe the occurrence of less severe leprosy cases in the population with a better economic and social situation. Possibly, this is due to the greater access to health services, enabling a rapid diagnosis and better care in the therapeutic procedures.