A romanização no Egito : direito e religião (séculos I a.C. - III d.C.)

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Lobianco, Luis Eduardo
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Programa de Pós-graduação em História; História
• Palavras-chave em Português: Religião; Direito; Papirologia; Politeísmo; Iconografia; Aspecto histórico; História antiga; Egito romano; Romanização no Egito; Judaísmo; Fílon de Alexandria; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA
• Link de acesso: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/18790

The main goal of this research is to assess the intensity of the Romanisation process in Egypt during the period that ranges from the conquest from Octavius (in 30 B.C.) to the promulgation of the Edict of Caracala (in 212 A.D.). The study concentrates on the legal and religious practices followed by the four ethnic groups that composed the social web in that Roman province at that time: the Egyptians, Jews, Greeks and Romans. The study of such practices is conducted over textual and iconographical sources. The former provide the basis for the study of the legal systems of all four groups, as well as the religious customs of the Jews. The latter reveal the expression of a polytheist spiritual society. The research of the Egyptian, Greek and Roman legal systems is carried out over the B.G.U. and Oxyrhyncus Papyri collections. The study of the Jewish law is based on fragments of the Decalogue treaty, by Philo of Alexandria, as well as from its namesake in the Torah. The investigation of the polytheist customs of the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans is developed over mortuary iconographical sources and the reverse side of coins forged in Alexandria during the Antonine dynasty. The Torah is once more used to illustrate central topics of the Jewish religion. Content Analysis is the methodology adopted in the research to analyse all the primary sources named above. This thesis establishes that the indigenous rights of Greeks and Egyptians remained actively in place, side by side with those of the Romans, despite the Romanisation process that took root in the Egyptian territory at the timeframe mentioned above. Roman law not only regulated the legal-juridical activities of Roman citizens, but it also extented its influence over all native Egyptian ethnies, before Octavius conquest. The Decalogue was preserved, but it has received the influence of classical Greek philosophy, according to Philo. As far as religion is concerned, it has been noted that both Jewish and polytheist practices continued to be followed. The iconography, however hybrid it may have been, reveals a significant presence of Pharaonic and Greek elements, in a much more consistent fashion than those from the Romans.