Desobediência civil e sua conformidade constitucional : análise da imprecisão conceitual e dos requisitos para sua legitimação no sistema jurídico brasileiro

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Bruno Cavalcante Leitão
• Orientador(a): Souza, Draiton Gonzaga de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito
• Departamento: Escola de Direito
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desobediência Civil; Liberdade Social; Procedimentalismo; Democracia; Ética
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Civil Disobedience; Social Freedom; Procedure; Democracy; Ethics
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8879

This thesis aims to analyze civil disobedience and its constitutional conformity with the Brazilian legal system. Its conceptual imprecision and opening of the constitutional text presents itself as the central problem, making its applicability difficult, and providing an initial hypothesis of conceptual insufficiency to embrace a new social reality, leading to the reformulation of its concept, to insert characteristics of the new models of contestation. Thus, it will initially be verified how the construction of its concept took place, as much by actions of contestation of greater historical support, as by the theoreticians who analyzed it. Next, the right to freedom and its compatibility with the exercise of civil disobedience within democratic states will be treated, demonstrating the insufficiency of some perspectives and the need to add the idea of social freedom to a greater self-determination of individuals. In chapter four it will be shown that civil disobedience in today's societies, rather than an act of contestation, should be seen as an ethical procedure constituting rights, providing greater representativeness due to the crisis of representative models. Chapter five will demonstrate some examples of social movements, two in Brazil, and four brand new social movements that demonstrate the need to reinterpret their concept, since democracy must be identified as an open, continuous process of increasingly plural societies that require greater popular participation in the deliberation of rights. Differently from the initial hypothesis, it was verified that the problem of conceptual imprecision is solved with a new interpretation of the institute, to use it associated with the idea of social freedom, in cases of deficits of democratic legitimation and justification. This opens a direct possibility for individuals to have greater political representativeness, using civil disobedience in a procedural way to build and rebuild ethical rights, in public spaces of justification, seeking moral, political or legal recognition of interests.