Influência da dieta hipercalórica materna em índices murinométricos, bioquímicos, histológicos da prole de ratas Wistar

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Andersen, Elizabeth do Rocio
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Positivo; Brasil; Pós-Graduação; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia Industrial; UP
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biotecnologia Industrial; Doenças Metabólicas; Dieta Hiperlipídica; Obesidade; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2274

The incidence of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Recent data indicate a high prevalence of diabetes in young adults worldwide. The number of people with metabolic diseases has skyrocketed from 153 million in 1980 to 347 million in 2008 and the projection is that 2025 about 2.3 billion adults are overweight and 700 million obese. Currently, the great concern is that the age of onset of these diseases became earlier, and it is observed that children and young adults are the population that grows the most in this group. Epidemiological studies suggest that maternal obesity causes epigenetic changes due to changes in the intrauterine environment that may play a significant role in the manifestation as well as in increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic diseases later in children's lives. There is therefore a need to better understand the influence of maternal obesity on the development of childhood obesity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of a hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet administered before and during gestation of Wistars rats can promote obesity and metabolic diseases in the offspring, as well as to evaluate the reproductive indexes. For this study, the changes in biochemical parameters , murinometric and reproductive models to mimic the human condition. In the first stage of this work, 30 female Wistar rats were used, from 4 weeks of age, and were subdivided into two groups with 15 animals each. After adaptation, a diet with hypercaloric and hyperlipidic supplementation was started for 24 weeks. Then the rats were placed to cross with non-obese males and the pregnant females were selected. In the second stage, 60 male offspring were used, divided into 4 groups with 15 animals each: GC1 - standard animal diet (15 pups); GC2 - hypercaloric diet (15 pups); GH1 - standard diet of the vivarium (15 pups) and GH2 - hypercaloric diet (15 pups). These were followed up for 26 weeks, after weaning, to assess body condition and factors involved with obesity comorbidities. After euthanasia the pups were collected blood for biochemical analyzes (ALT, FA, urea, glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol fractions) and organs for histological analysis. In the first stage of this study, in the mothers' evaluation, the results indicated a significant difference (p <0.001) between the groups, and the hypercaloric group had a mean weight 1.14 times higher in the last weeks and the mothers showed a resistance profile insulin (glycemia greater than 140 mg / dL). In relation to the pups, we did not observe significant weight gain (p <0.05) when compared to the four groups, only when the comparison is done two by two, we noticed that the hypercaloric group gained more weight when compared to the control group and visually we observed an increase in abdominal circumference in the four groups and that in the last week of treatment the pups of the hypercaloric group already presented glycemia> 140 mg / dL being considered pre-diabetic, had alterations in urea and alkaline phosphatase in relation to the control group, alterations in the liver in the histopathological analysis, greater amount of total fat and adiposity, greater liver weight, demonstrating that the hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet had a great influence on the metabolism of these pups. The results suggest that the diet and not the maternal obesity is the predominant factor in the development of young mice.