Avaliação da capacidade funcional e do equilíbrio postural em idosos com e sem histórico de quedas

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Crysthyano Ferrarezi
• Orientador(a): Laurenti, Ruy , Carnaz, Letícia
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Sagrado Coração
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Saúde Coletiva
• Departamento: Ciências da Saúde e Biológicas
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Idosos; Expectativa de Vida; Quedas; Equilíbrio Postural
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Elderly; Life Expectancy; Falls; Postural balance
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.usc.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/276

The growth of the elderly population in Brazil and in the world, leads us turn our attention to the health of this group, fairly susceptible to falls . Falls are the sixth leading cause of death in people over 65. The elderly can lead to functional dependence, in addition to representing a major cause of death in this population. Activity restrictions, social isolation, declining health and increased risk of institutionalization are some examples of the impact on the lives of the elderly after a fall episode. The objective of this study is to investigate and map the risk of falls in elderly, above sixty years. Analyze the level of autonomy in relation to instrumental daily living (Katz) and independence of daily living (Lawton), concomitant with a functional capacity evaluation activities, validated by tests and scales of balance and functional Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Functional Reach Test (TAF). The nonparametric test of Mann-Witney was applied to compare the variables between elderly with and without history of falls. One hundred elderly participated in the study, from this total, 76% were female with mean age of 70 years old (± 7,95), 62% retired and 75% illiterate. The most prevalent disorders between elderly were osteoporosis (94%), hypertension (93%) and urynary disoreders (63%). As for musculoskeletal disoreders, all elderly reported at least a region with pain, tingling or numbness in the last 12 months, with the most prevalent were the lower back (98%), neck (97%), upper back (94%) and wrist and hand (82%). In relation to falls in the last year, 57% of the elderly had at least one event, and most of them occurred at home (60%). There were no fractures or requiring hospitalization in 88% and 86% of cases, respectively. Considering the functional capacity and postural balance evaluated by the Berg Scale, TAA and TUGT significant differences were not identified between the groups with and without a history of falls in the previous year. These results indicate the need for further characterization studies of the risk of falls in the Brazilian population. Although surveys are being carried out and published, remains the importance of new studies on the subject that can help clarify the risk factors for falls due to its complexity, social and economic importance.