Avaliação neuropsicológica, comportamental e neurológica de irmãos de indivíduos com transtornos do espectro do autismo

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Duarte, Cintia Perez
• Orientador(a): Schwartzman, José Salomão
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
• Palavras-chave em Português: avaliação; transtornos do espectro do autismo; neuropsicologia; comportamento; irmãos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: neuropsychological assessment; autism spectrum disorder; siblings
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/24527

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairments in social interaction, behavior and language. Despite the fact that there are no specific biological markers in ASD, there are evidences that its manifestation is due to biological alterations. This hypothesis is endorsed by the fact that, when compared with the general population, some family members of people with ASD - despite not fitting the diagnosis present some cognitive and social impairments as well. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of siblings of individuals diagnosed with ASD (ASDS) (N=29) with a control group composed of siblings of individuals with typical development (TDS) (N=25) on behavioral scales, neuropsychological tests and neurological assessment. Assessment of individuals diagnosed with SDA was carried out for subsequent analysis of the ASDS regrouped in relation to the compromise of their diagnosed siblings. The ASDS group presented higher impairment in the ASQ and in the level of adaptive behavior relating to socialization. When it comes to behavior impairment, they differed in the activity and social competence scales and in the anxiety/depression syndrome scales and in the socialization problems as well as in the internalization and total of problems scales. When compared based on the classifications normal, borderline or clinical, they had poorer performance for activities (competence), isolation and depression, somatic complaint, problems of socialization and in the internalization scale. In the neuropsychological tests, they differed in relation to processing speed in the execution of a picture naming task, time for visual search of stimuli presented in a piece of paper, in the copy and memory reproduction of the model of complex figure and in the evocation of words by the phonological principle in a verbal fluency test. Differences related to cephalic perimeter were described. In the intragroup (ASDS) analysis there was a difference when it was considered the level of adaptive behavior of their diagnosed siblings. Those who have siblings with deeper impairment also presented more alterations related to the everyday activities and to socialization when compared to the ones who have siblings with moderate impairment. In such case, siblings of individuals with the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders presented more alterations than the control group in neuropsychological tests, adaptive behavior assessment scales and behavior problems.