Alterações cardiovasculares em pacientes com malária por Plasmodium vivax

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Alencar Filho, Aristoteles Comte de [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ecocardiografia; Miocardio - Doenças; Malaria - Tratamento; Plasmodium; Malariotherapy
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123256; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/08-05-2015/000828911.pdf

Purpose: Malaria is an endemic disease in the Amazon Region. In Brazil it has been largely attributed to Plasmodium vivax infection since the 1990’s. Cardiovascular system involvement in patients with P. vivax malaria has been poorly addressed. The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac structures and function and serum markers of cardiovascular injury in patients with the nonsevere form of P. vivax malaria in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil. Methods: In an observational study, we prospectively evaluated 26 patients with P. vivax malaria in an outpatient referral hospital from January 2012 to March 2013 and compared results with a control group of 25 gender- and age-matched healthy individuals. Patients underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and transthoracic echocardiography at first evaluation after malaria diagnosis (day zero, D0) and seven days after starting malaria treatment (day seven, D7). Results: Echocardiography showed higher left ventricular (LV) systolic diameter (28.8±2.82 vs 30.9±4.03 mm; p=0.037) and LV diastolic volume (82.4±12.3 vs 93.8±25.9 ml; p=0.05), and lower LV ejection fraction (Teicholz method: 73.2±6.59 vs 68.4±4.87; p=0.004) values in patients than controls. Right ventricle (RV) fractional area change (54.7±5.11 vs 50.5±6.71%; p=0.014) was lower, and RV myocardial performance index (0.21±0.71 vs 0.33±0.19; p=0.007), RV diastolic area (13.0±3.19 vs 15.3±2.96 cm2; p=0.009) and systolic area (6.41±1.27 vs 7.45±1.46 cm2; p=0.009), and pulmonary vascular resistance (1.13±0.25 vs 1.32±0.26 Woods unit; p=0.012) were higher in patients than controls. RV fractional area change was lower and pulmonary vascular resistance higher in patients in D0 than D7. In D0, patients presented higher serum levels of indirect bilirubin, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule–1 (sVCAM-1), Nterminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide, and troponin T, and lower levels of nitric oxide than D7 and controls