Desempenho ecofisiológico de mudas de euterpe edulis martius de diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento e implicações para a restauração ecológica

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Rodrigo Minici de [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Palmeiras Irrigação; Irrigação com déficit hídrico; Recuperação ecológica; Mudanças climáticas; Deficit irrigation
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/145518; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/28-09-2016/000872897.pdf

Euterpe edulis Martius has a high ecological and economical potential for ecological restoration projects in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, enhancing economic outcomes by providing NTFP as well as food for a wide guild of frugivores. However, as its optimal distribution range includes wetter habitats, the water deficit can constraint successful enrichment plantings in seasonally dry forests. In natural forests, seedling mortality is very high (>95%) and almost null in plants higher than 50 cm, what has been attributed to phenotypic plasticity, although there are no studies proving that. Aiming to increase the chances of success in Euterpe edulis enrichment plantings in seasonally dry forests under restoration process, we conducted two experiments investigating responses to water deficit in the species. In greenhouse conditions, we evaluated plants of two growth stages, represented by classes A (plants with ±15 cm of height and 2 years old) e B (±50 cm height and 4 years), during 3 regimes of water availability (water deficit, rewatering, and subsequent water deficit). The results showed plants of class B presented superior performance when compared to class A in response to water deficit and rewatering, promoting more quickly stomatal closing and opening, what has been assigned to existing morphological differences between classes. When subjected once more to water deficit, the class B presented superior stomatal control when compared to class A and to the control group kept under constant irrigation, demonstrating improvement effect to a recurring cycle of drought. Concurrently, was observed a more efficient adjust on class B regarding to root-to-shoot ratio (0.91±0.32), while class A just reached adjust of 0.51±0.17. The results indicate the possibility of improve water deficit tolerance trough by hardening techniques in nurseries, especially in plants of more advanced growth stages. In the ...