Changes in bone turnover and calcium homeostasis during reproduction in the bat Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) and other mammals

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Torres Arboleda, Diego Alejandro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Palavras-chave em Português: Morcegos; Cálcio - Homeostase; Lactação - Mamíferos; Zoologia
• Link de acesso: http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/16841

Objective To perform a meta-analysis of studies that report changes in bone turnover and calcium homeostasis during pregnancy and lactation in mammals and study the bone changes in the frugivorous bat Artibeus lituratus. Material and Methods: We perform a search in the PUBMED and SCOPUS databases using keywords related to bone physiology and calcium homeostasis during reproduction. Using the studies found we calculated effect sizes for blood calcium concentrations, bone mineral density, bone formation markers and calciotropic hormones. To study the changes in the humerus of the bat Artibeus lituratus during breeding 32 females were captured. Blood and humerus were collected for histological, mechanical and electron microscopic analysis. Results: In total, we found 51 articles of 14 species of mammals. The concentration of calcium in the blood decreased during gestation and lactation. The bone mineral density also was decreased. Parathyroid hormone remained diminished during reproduction, similar to calcitonin. Calcitriol increased significantly during gestation. Lactating females of A. lituratus lost bone tissue during lactation, however, neither calcium content in bone nor mechanical parameters were different between groups. Conclusion: Gestation and lactation are periods of calcium stress in mammals. The mechanisms to maintain calcium homeostasis during reproduction are similar to those of non-reproductive hypocalcaemia, however, during reproduction parathyroid hormone is not involved. A. lituratus presents a pattern of bone loss similar to other mammals, however, seems to be minimal in this species.