Comportamento alimentar de jovens e sua relação com a comunicação social e de especialistas da saúde

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Freire, Simone Cardoso [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Choice behavior; Young adult; Communication media; Health personel; Comportamento de escolha; Adulto jovem; Meios de comunicação; Pessoal de saúde
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=4263712; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46470

Aim: To assess the impact generated by health professionals and information found on the media regarding food, nutrition, health and bodies, as well as the practice of physical activity, body image and eating habits and behaviors among young Brazilian University students. Methods: The research has been divided into three stages. The first stage consisted of the process to validate silhouette scale for digital use. This required weighing and measuring the height of 89 University students at the Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) - Campus Guarulhos, thus enabling us to calculate their Body Mass Index (BMI). Though this, it was also possible to assess their body image using original paper silhouettes and digital ones; raising issues about today's representation of the body, determining the current BMI and the representation of the desired body (desired BMI). The second stage involved the setting of two focus groups. Eight interviews provided in-depth knowledge about the University students, such as: which kind of store do they shop at or eat in during the week and weekends, eating patterns while alone and with company, the types of information they seek regarding health and the body, whether through professionals or through the media. During the third stage a questionnaire was developed, which was then divided into eight sections: i) personal data, ii) health, iii) physical activity, iv) body image, v) guidance from health professionals, vi) usage of media vii) types of information and viiii) eating behavior. This questionnaire was made available online, through the surveymonkey® tool and sent via e-mail to 6.190 University students across the Unifesp's Campi of Diadema, Guarulhos, Osasco and São José dos Campos. Results: Results were satisfactory in regards to the use of the digital silhouette scale, considering the Spearman correlation between the BMI values with the actual BMI, having resulted in 0.85 for both sexes. The questionnaire was answered by 718 students; 222 of which were male and 496 female. The highest association values were observed as the practice of physical activity and seeking physical educators for males (27.3%) and also as females (25.4%) looking for recipes. The practice of controlled eating behavior in order to shape the body ? which has been associated with making appointments with doctors, nutritionists and physical educators ? were observed as 32.9% for males and 29.1% for females. Conclusion: Information provided by health professionals, as well as information found on the media, affect the behavior of young people regarding the practice of physical activity, body dissatisfaction and certain eating behaviors. It is, therefore, necessary to use tools that display the relationship between healthy and risky behavior, in order to assist clinical practice and public policies. These should aim for less extreme interventions, improving the communication regarding one's relationship with one's body and healthy habits, in order to decrease behaviors that may jeopardize the health of young people.