Crianças prematuras: estudo da supressão das emissões otoacústicas e da resolução temporal

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Elaine Colombo [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cóclea; Emissões otoacústicas espontâneas; Prematuro; Testes auditivos; Audição; Crianças prematuras; Hearing; Infant, Premature; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Cochlea; Hearing Tests
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9281

Objective: Determine the occurrence of the suppression of otoacoustic emissions, the temporal resolution hearing skill and the association between the results of these assessments and premature birth as well as the presence of signs suggestive of an alteration in auditory processing during development, in premature, below 2000g at birth. Methods: Forty low-income children (20 having been born at full term and twenty born prematurely) between five and eight years of age were evaluated. All participants underwent patient history, audiometry, speech audiometry, measures of acoustic immittance, the study of acoustic reflexes and an assessment of the auditory processing (Simplified Auditory Processing Assessment, Speech-in-Noise Test and Random Gap Detection Test) as well as the recording of otoacoustic emissions evoked by transient stimuli and the assessment of the medial olivocochlear efferent system. Results: Suppression of otoacoustic emissions in the right ear was detected in 53% of the individuals of the control group and 56% of the experimental group and in the left ear in 85% of the control group and 79% of the experimental group. On the Random Gap Detection Test, the mean temporal acuity threshold was 21.25 ms in the control group and 44.12 ms in the experimental group. This test was altered in 35% of the control group and 85% of the experimental group. Sixty percent of the children with suppression absent in the right ear tended to exhibit central signs during development and 20% of those with suppression absent in the left ear had an altered Simplified Auditory Processing Assessment. Conclusion: Children having been born prematurely, below 2000g at birth, presented symmetry of responses of the efferent system in peripheral hearing and deficits in the temporal resolution hearing skill, which was not associated to the absence of suppression of otoacoustic emissions. The children with absent suppression achieved poorer results on the Auditory Processing Assessment.