Efeito da quantidade de floresta da paisagem sobre a estrutura de redes de interação planta-visitantes florais em áreas de restauração florestal

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Martins, Mauricio Nogueira [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo
• Palavras-chave em Português: Landscape ecology; Ecological networks; Ecological restoration; Forest restoration; Pollination
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=4827834; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47156

With less than 16% of its original extent, the Atlantic Forest has been restored in order to rebuild the functional richness of biological communities. However, verification of the effectiveness of restoration actions consider only vegetation structure and species richness, while little is known about the functionality of these environments. Pollination is an ecological process and environmental service of great importance for plant reproduction and food production, and its agents are sensitive to environmental and landscape changes, so it should be considered in restoration actions. Through ecological network analysis, pollination networks between restoration areas and reference areas have been compared, focusing on the influence of local factors on restorations, neglecting the effect of the landscape structure in these areas. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the amount of forest surrounding forest restoration areas in the Atlantic Forest on the structure of the floral-plant interaction networks in these areas. Our hypothesis is that areas of forest restoration inserted in landscapes with high amount of forest have more complex and better structured networks than in areas with low amount of forest. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Antonina (Paraná) and Batatais (São Paulo), areas in different contexts of vegetation cover around forest restorations, where Antonina have greater vegetation cover than Batatais. We selected five landscapes in each region, high forest areas in Antonina, and low forest areas in Batatais, and sampled plants and their floral visitors for the construction of interaction networks, and then we analyzed the effects of the landscape on network metrics. The amount of forest in the landscape had little effect on the network metrics, which showed small and not very cohesive networks. However, in areas with high forest cover, the networks had a higher weighted connectance, indicating that the landscape factor may affect the pattern of interactions between plants and floral visitors that occur in areas of forest restoration in the early stages of succession. Our study suggests that the low effect of the amount of forest of the landscape on the structure of the studied nets can be due to other factors of the landscape and local factors of the restorations. It is also possible that restored forests in more advanced successional stages may are more attractive to floral visitors, and the amount of forest may be more relevant in this context. This project is linked to the Thematic Project approved by FAPESP Process no. 2013/50718-5, in its Module 5, related to the monitoring of fauna.