Fatores associados à asma em adolescentes brasileiros - Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE (2012 e 2015)

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Elias, Bianca Caroline [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Asthma; Adolescents; Epidemiological Surveys; Logistic Models; Adolescente; Asma; Inquéritos Epidemiológicos; Estratégias; Saúde Pública; Modelos Logísticos
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=7966953; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/59828

Objective: To identify associated factors with asthma in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on data from the 2012 National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), which was a Brazilian survey performed by a self-reported questionnaire in a representative sample of 9th grade students. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done with the demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, food consumption and environmental characteristics potentially associated with asthma. Adolescents who presented with wheezing in the last 12 months were considered as asthma. A multiple logistic model was adjusted for confounders. Significance was defined as a p-value ≤0.05. Results: A total of 106,983 adolescents were studied. The prevalence of asthma was 23.2%. The final model was composed of 11 variables that were independently associated with asthma: Female sex (OR=1.17), <14 years of age (OR=1.12), not living with parents (OR=1.06), the highest number of days consuming ultraprocessed foods (OR=1.16), having lunch or dinner without the presence of parents or guardians (OR=1.13), having meals in front of the TV or studying (OR=1.18), not having frequent breakfast (OR=1.22), have smoked cigarettes (OR=1.36), have tasted alcoholic beverage (OR=1.37), have used illicit drugs (OR=1.29) and have sought health care in the last year (OR=1.67). Conclusions: The results of the present study reinforce the multifactorial characteristic of asthma determination. Prevention and control strategies should focus on groups of adolescents living in inadequate conditions related to family dynamic, food consumption and behavior (drug use).