Uso do habitat por pequenos mamíferos em um mosaico de floresta - campo no extremo sul da Floresta Atlântica

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Machado, Renata Figueira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BR; Ciências Biológicas; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal
• Palavras-chave em Português: Microhabitat; Didelphis albiventris; Oligoryzomys nigripes; Akodon montensis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5319

The macro and microhabitat use by small-mammal was investigated in an Atlantic Forest- Pampa mosaic. A grid with 88 traps was used, being 27 installed in the understory every two traps placed on the ground, which were 70 m apart of each other. The fieldwork was carried out in 17 monthly phases, during five days, from June 2011 to October 2012, totalizing a sampling effort of 7480 trap-nights. An analysis of variance was used to verify differences in richness, total abundance and abundance of each species among grassland, edges and forest. The same analysis was performed to test if the body mass of each species differs between the vegetation types. Eleven environmental variables measured were summarized through a principal component analysis (PCA). Subsequently, a multiple linear regression analysis was performed between richness and total abundance of each species and the first two axes of PCA. The environmental variables were also correlated to the abundance of small mammal through an analysis of redundancy (RDA). Analysis of variance showed no difference in total abundance and richness for any vegetation types. However, abundance of Oligoryzomys nigripes differed significantly (Q = 1.88, P = 0.0009), being higher in grassland. Considering body mass, there was a significant difference for Akodon montensis (Q = 1824, P = 0.046) and O. nigripes (Q = 1262.1, P = 0.001). The first axis of the PCA, were associated Didelphis albiventris and O. nigripes (r = 0.06, P = 0.022, r = 006, P = 0.018, respectively), and related to variables that characterize forest environments (higher density of woody vegetation). Analysis of variance showed that environmental complexity is not the main factor influencing the richness and abundance of species in the studied area, but there were differences in the pattern of individual distribution according to age, since adults selected best environments than young. The PCA and RDA showed significant effect of microhabitat variables on species occurrence. The presence of A. montesis was influenced by zoochorous dispersion and number of epiphytes, while D. albiventris and O. nigripes were related to forested environments, with greater trees abundance, DAP and litter. The last ones were also correlated with open environments, being D. albiventris related to ferns and distance of water and O. nigripes related to grasses.