Alterações vasculares na prole de ratos machos expostos a uma dieta ocidental no período perinatal

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Robervan Vidal dos
• Orientador(a): Santana Filho, Valter Joviniano de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fisiologia; Stress oxidativo; Estresse oxidativo; Dieta; Gravidez; Lactação; Aorta; Animais de laboratório; Dieta ocidental; Gestação; Prole
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Western diet; Pregnancy; Lactation; Offspring; Oxidative stress
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FISIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6869

Introduction: The intrauterine environment is responsible for the development and health of the progeny. Thus, consumption of diets with the western pattern during the perinatal period can cause deleterious effects on the fetus with persistent pathological consequences of adolescence and adult life. Objective: To evaluate the supply of a western diet during gestation and lactation, promoting vascular and markers of oxidative stress in offspring of male rats at 60 days of age. Methods: Sixteen male rats and eight male Wistar rats were available for 2 to 3 months. From the determination of pregnancy, a western diet (O = 8, 31% lipids) or control (C = 8, 18% of lipids) was offered until the weaning of the pups. After 60 days of life, rats from the western offspring (PO, n = 34) or control (PC, n = 32) were euthanized, and the thoracic aorta bed (LAT) was removed for the vascular reactivity study. Concentration curves were performed on acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (NPS), phenylephrine (FEN), potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) in an isolated organ bath. In addition, the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was measured. Also, intracellular levels of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion were measured in the muscle cells of the thoracic aorta by probes that emit fluorescence in the presence of these substrates (NO and O.-). Values were expressed as the mean ± SEM. Unpaired t-test for the maximum response (Rmax) and sensitivity (Log EC50) values extracted from the vascular reactivity curves. The unpaired t-test for oxidative stress markers was also used, except for NO bioavailability, which was used with Bonferroni post-test Anova one-way. Results: At 60 days, an increase in efficacy (RMax) to phenylephrine in rings without endothelium (PC: 5.78 ± 0.3 vs. PO: 7.7 ± 0.5 * mN / mm) and with endothelium (PC: 4.6 ± 0.4 vs. PO: 6.43 ± 0.4 * mN / mm), to potassium chloride (KCl) in rings with endothelium (PC: 3.89 ± 0.28 vs. PO: 4 (PC: 3,78 ± 0,12 vs PO: 4,82 ± 0,09 mN / mm) and to CaCl2 in rings without endothelium (PC: 5, 7 ± 0.16 vs. PO: 6.75 ± 0.18 mN / mm) and a reduction in efficacy to ACh (PC: 93 ± 3.1 vs. PO: 86 ± 1.8 *% relax) as in Sensitivity (Log EC50) to NPS (PC: 8.5 ± 0.05 vs. PO: 8.2 ± 0.04 *% relax). In addition, the PO presented a lower bioavailability of NO in the basal condition (PC: 1.0 ± 0.03 vs. PO: 0.4 ± 0.01 ua) and stimulated with Ach (PC: 1.46 ± 0, 04 vs. PO: 0.88 ± 0.02 water). In addition, PO presented a higher production of superoxide anion (PC: 1.0 ± 0.06 vs. PO: 2.06 ± 0.13 water) associated with a higher SOD activity (PC: 0.026 ± 0.004 vs. PO : 0.27 ± 0.06 mg / ptn) and a reduction of CAT (PC: 0.021 ± 0.03 vs. PO: 0.08 ± 0.03 mg / ptn). Conclusion: The introduction of a western diet in the perinatal period reduced relaxation and increased contraction of the thoracic aortic bed associated with the reduction of NO bioavailability and elevation of intracellular levels of superoxide anion in the offspring of 60 - day - old male rats.