Modelo explicativo para o envelhecimento bem-sucedido : explorando o papel da atenção plena, dos fatores da autocompaixão e do bem-estar subjetivo em idosos

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Francisco Vitor Soldá de
• Orientador(a): Silva, Joilson Pereira da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Psicologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Envelhecimento; Bem-estar; Idosos; Atenção plena (Psicologia); Envelhecimento bem-sucedido; Bem-estar subjetivo; Atenção plena; Autocompaixão
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Successful aging; Subjective well-being; Mindfulness; Self-compassion; Elderly
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17453

The present dissertation aimed to explore how mindfulness, self-compassion factors and components of subjective well-being (SWB) were related to successful aging (SA) in the elderly. To contemplate this objective, seven studies were carried out: three (03) narrative reviews, two (02) integrative reviews and two (02) cross-sectional (empirical) studies. The first study proposed a discussion about the SA model by Baltes and Baltes and discussed the role of the SA throughout human aging. The results indicated that the SA was referred to as a goal throughout the course of life and that the SWB, based on the components of positive affect, satisfaction with life (SWL) and negative affect (NAs), acts as one of the main indicators in assessment of aging success. Next, the second study proposed to outline the historical and conceptual aspects of mindfulness and its relationship with SWB. The findings suggested that mindfulness acts as a positive psychological strategy for promoting SWB, for emotional regulation and for a better adaptation to stressful life events. The third study, in turn, sought to understand the historical, conceptual and practical bases of self-compassion and its role in promoting SWB. The results suggested that self-directed compassion is related to the reduction of psychological symptoms, especially depression and anxiety, to the easing of self-criticism and to regulate emotions, thus contributing to greater positive affectivity, less negative affectivity and greater SWL. Then, studies four and five, which used the integrative literature review method, sought to synthesize the results of mindfulness-based interventions with the elderly and to identify and describe the scientific evidence on the role of self-compassion as a positive strategy for well-being. be in old age, respectively. Regarding the results found, study four highlighted that the practice of mindfulness contributed to reducing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and insomnia, generating a better perception of SWB and an increase in the quality of life in the elderly, while study five signaled that self-compassion is presented as a positive psychological strategy for promoting SWB in old age, by favoring less self- criticism, better emotional regulation and the introduction of healthy lifestyle behaviors. Next, study six sought to verify the perception of the elderly regarding SWB, mindfulness and selfcompassion in old age, and the relationship of these factors with SA, observing that SWB plays an important role in the perception of successful aging, while self-compassion and mindfulness seem to contribute to better life satisfaction, greater positive affectivity and less negative affectivity at this stage of life. Finally, study seven proposed testing an explanatory model of SA, with mindfulness and self-compassion factors as predictor variables, and the SWB components as mediating variables, so that the results showed that mindfulness and the positive factor of self-compassion (formed by the combination of the items of the factors self-kindness, shared humanity and mindfulness) positively and significantly explained the positive affects, while the positive affects significantly and positively explained the SA, suggesting that the introduction of positive psychological strategies can contribute to increase the affectivity positive, while this component of well-being seems to play an important role in the subjective assessment of successful aging. In addition, mindfulness and the positive self-compassion factor indirectly explained SA.