Aspectos epidemiológicos da esquistossomose e co-infecção por enteroparasitas utilizando geoprocessamento

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Rollemberg, Carla Virginia Vieira
• Orientador(a): Jesus, Amélia Maria Ribeiro de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Esquistossomose; Schistosoma mansoni; Epidemiologia; Morbidade; Geoprocessamento; Co-infecção parasitária; Helmintos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Schistosomiasis; Schistosoma mansoni; Epidemiology; Morbidity; Geoprocessing; Co-infection of parasites; Helminths
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3713

The present work aims to investigate the relationship between infection with Schistosoma mansoni and other intestinal parasites. We performed two study designs: the first (Article 1) was an ecological study to evaluate the frequency and geographic distribution of diagnosed cases of infection with S. mansoni and intestinal parasites using a database survey of Health Department of the Sergipe State from 2005 to 2008. We created the database from the raw data of the Schistosomiasis Control Program of Sergipe (PCE-SE) in which we performed analysis of frequency and geographical distribution of infections caused by S. mansoni and other parasitic diseases with the software SPRING 5.0 to create maps. The results of this study revealed high incidence of schistosomiasis in many municipalities. Analyzing data from the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) and the Superintendence of Water Resources (SRH) of these municipalities, it was observed that the municipalities with higher prevalence of schistosomiasis (> 15%) have lower sewerage coverage (Sanitation Index) as compared with those with a lower prevalence (< 15%) (p = 0.0513). We also observed higher education index (IDHE) in municipalities with prevalence of hookworm lower than 10% as compared to the ones with prevalence over 10% (p = 0.0365). The second model was a cross-sectional study in the city of Ilha das Flores, Sergipe, Brazil (Article 2), aiming to study in an area with high prevalence of schistosomiasis the interaction of several socio-environmental variables, epidemiological and clinical data with a geographical perspective. In this study, 570 individuals were studied using a questionnaire to collect data on socioeconomic, clinical, epidemiological and coproparasitological conducted from September 2008 to April 2010. This study has created a georeferenced database and geostatistical analysis conducted to determine and predict poliparasitism between S. mansoni and intestinalparasites, using the Kernel density estimator. The results showed that Trichuris trichiura (54.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (49.2%), Entamoeba coli (25.6%) and S. mansoni (24.0%) were the predominant species. Spatial statistics has enriched the traditional measures of statistical estimation of the dispersion of epidemiologic risk factors determining the likely sites of contamination. We observed associations between S. mansoni infection and male gender (65.2% males, p = 0.003), being a farmer (p <0.001) or a fisherman (p <0.001), low educational level (p<0.001) and low income (p = 0.0005), any level of natural water contact (p <0.001) and drinking untreated water (p <0.001). We detected associations between A. lumbricoides (p=0,0002) and hookworm (p=0,01) infections with low income and between A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura with drinking untreated water (p=0.02 for both) and with open sewerage (p=0.001 and, p=0.0005, respectively). The data call for an integrated approach to effectively control multiple parasitic infections from the perspective of public health.