Novos territórios da energia eólica no Brasil : apropriações e conflitos

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Vanessa Santos
• Orientador(a): Vargas, Maria Augusta Mundim
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Geografia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geografia; Energia eólica; Territorialidade humana; Paisagens; Proteção; Território-rede; Socioespacialidade
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Network-territories; Social-spaciality; Wind energy
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/11905

The electrical energy is one of the most relevant inputs for the economic and social development. However, one-third of the world’s population doesn’t have acess to electricity, in the search to meet this need and the fast growth of the consumption, the renewable electrical sources had presented their selves, since the 1970s crisis as a solution. The awareness about the enviromental preservetion has pointed to the need for energy generation that surpasses the demand without affection polution. This research highlights the wind energy because it is considered one of the least pollution renewable sources. This research is build on the knowlegde of how the development of wind companies in Brazil leads to network territories that stablish relations, conections and links the persons and the indivuduals involved with social-spatial of multiscalar appropriations and conflicts. This analysis enabled the understand of the “new” configuration of the geografic space by the verticality and horizotality networks,that beacuse it is connected with fixed and flow (materials and immaterial) allows its ligament with several points, by the techniques and technology, by the financial system, transport system,that in this case, helps us in the analysis of the development of wind companies. We take as methodological path the qualitative research performed by bibliographic and documentary surveys, field diary and field work in Sergipe, Ceará and Bahia,with interviews beeing made and survey in newspapers and social medias.In the analysis of the social-spatiality of wind farms in the country we used a matrix with data from the Wind Energy Brazil Association who quantifies 583 wind farms in Brazil from 1995 to December 2018, distributed among south, southeast and northeast regions. Numerically wind farms are concentrated at Rio Grande Do Norte’s coast, but, the greatest potential generator is still in progress, it is at Bahia’s southwest, at the arid region with the altimetry benefits of Chapada Diamantina. This will not only be the bigger wind farms of our country, but also from Latin America. About the capital employed for the implement of these enterprises, it seems that there is a partnership between foreing money, mostily from spain tecnology, with local companies and medium-sized companies. e also evidenced that the wind energy policy in Brazil was consolidated by actions of the regulatory institutions linked to the sector and by the effective participation of banks that fomented and financed the installation of the projects, which contributed to broaden the energy scenario. However, we observe the process of expansion of the sector through market opening with the effective participation of multinationals to the detriment of possible advances in research, technological development and installation of national parks. With regard to environmental licensing, we found it to be a watershed for the progress of project implementation. Therefore, there should be a more careful planning of the actions taken by the agencies to protect the environment from impacts on nature and greater participation of the surrounding communities so that they can participate in decisions to receive more effective and consistent benefits. your reality. We also observed that the disposition of the networks in the territories generate new landscapes through the insertion of the good winds of Brazil, as well as the experiences, experiences and relationships of the actors and subjects inserted in this process. We find that no form of energy generation is totally clean, with a certain degree of environmental impact whatever the source and that the network territories, which are made and remade in appropriations and conflicts.