Interação predador, presa, uma análise comparativa e experimental utilizando os lagartos de uma área de caatinga como modelo

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Anthony Santana
• Orientador(a): Faria, Renato Gomes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Lagartos; Comportamento animal; Meio ambiente; Regiões áridas; Nicho (Ecologia); Predador-presa; Dieta; Modelos de lagartos; Semiárido; Autotomia caudal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Predator-prey; Diet; Lizard models; Semiarid; Caudal autotomy
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4420

Many kinds of interactions among species occur in nature, these relationships can be mutually beneficial as both antagonistic. The predator-prey relationship is an example of consumer-resource interactions, which organizes the biological communities in food chains. This work is divided in two chapters, the first is related to how the assemblage of lizards of Monumento Natural Grota do Angico use trophic resources and how the diet is influenced by the availability of local food and seasonality. The second chapter refers to a field experiment focused on the frequency of attacks to the artificial replicas of lizards. Information on the frequency of tail breakage was also used. This information has been confronted with characteristics of the environments studied, periods, predators, sex and foraging strategies. The study was conducted from January 2012 to June 2013 for diet and frequency of tail breaks data and two separate campaigns in July (rainy season) and November (dry season) for the experiment with the replicas in an area of Caatinga of Sergipe the Monumento Natural Grota do Angico. In general, the species had similar diets, Isoptera was the most important prey to A. ocellifera, G. geckoides, L. klugei and B. heathi and Formicidae to T. hispidus and T. semitaeniatus demonstrating a high electivity of a few food resource categories by the species. The prey consumption by each species in both periods was similar in the frequency of categories used, but differed in the type of prey. There was no difference between the diet of the species and the food availability, indicating that it reflects environmental availability. We observed differences between periods regarding the frequencies of replica attack, being more frequent in the dry season. Evaluation of sites showed that there were differences in the frequency of attacks during the wet season, the same was not observed for the dry season and for general assessment (added information from both periods). The frequency of attacks varied depending on the microhabitats in which they were placed, being more common in soil, and on the types of predators, the attacks were more frequent in the rainy season by birds and in the dry season by ants. Regarding the position where the attack occurred, the body and the head were the most common sites, regardless the category of predator. Regarding the frequency of tail breaks, differences were observed only within the gender, being more common in male individuals.