A atuação do CNDH no evento-crime do derramamento do óleo: resistência dos povos e comunidades tradicionais frente a espoliação dos territórios

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Bastos, Bruno Nascimento Neves
• Orientador(a): Ramos Filho, Eraldo da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Geografia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geografia; Comunidades (desenvolvimento); Crimes contra o meio ambiente; Derramamento de óleo; Política ambiental; Territorialidade humana; Povos e comunidades tradicionais; Direitos humanos; Estado; Acumulação por espoliação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Traditional peoples and communities; Human rights; State; Accumulation through dispossession
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/19547

The devastation caused by the criminal event of the oil spill that occurred in 2019, in addition to affecting beaches, rivers and mangroves, had direct impacts on the lives of Traditional Peoples and Communities, which are still felt in the territories today. The articulations carried out by the PCT's to demand reparation and compensation measures from the Public Power, at the time, resulted in the emergency mission carried out by the National Council for Human Rights (CNDH) to investigate the case. However, 4 (four) years after the crime event and the recommendations sent by the CNDH to the 3 (three) spheres of the State, it is clear that practically nothing was done to mitigate the impacts in the territories. In this sense, the objective of this dissertation was to analyze the role of the State in the criminal event of the oil spill, based on the actions of the National Human Rights Council (CNDH) in the territories of Traditional Peoples and Communities. In specific objectives, we seek to analyze the conflict and spoliation of territories affected by the oil spill, discuss the relationship between State, Capital and Human Rights; identify the impacts of the crime event in the territories of Siribinha (BA) and Carapitanga (SE) and evaluate, in the emergency mission carried out by the CNDH, compliance with its recommendations by the Public Authorities. Based on participant research and interviews during field visits carried out in Carapitanga (SE) and Siribinha (BA), the permanent conflict in these territories and the resulting human rights violations were evident. Related to the dispute over land and water, conflicts were reported with large landowners, mass tourism, the State, shrimp farming, aggravated by the impacts of the crime event, expressed in the reduction of fish, affected health and loss of income. Through exploratory and documentary research, we evaluated the recommendations issued by the CNDH to the Public Power, noting the deliberate omission of the State in the criminal event, in which the federal government, responsible for articulating and executing reparation and compensation actions, was ineffective in complying of these measures, contributing to the worsening of violations. However, understanding reality as a dialectical and contradictory process, in which multiple determinations open up the possibility of strategies contrary to Capital, we observe the resistance of Traditional Peoples and Communities in defense of their territories. Carrying out joint efforts to remove the stains, promoting actions to denounce the impacts and working to collect legal compensation for compensation, the PCTs denounced the negligence and put pressure on the Public Authorities on several fronts.