Potencial socioeconômico da criação de abelhas sem ferrão nos Estados da Paraíba e Rio Grande do Norte

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, Maria Cândida de Almeida Mariz
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciências Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Meliponicultura; Produtividade; Viabilidade econômica; Agricultura familiar; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15186

The meliponiculture holds a great importance in family agriculture because it is a source of income for small producers. It is an activity in expansion throughout the national territory by the vast diversity of the flora and one of the most varied types of climates existing in Brazil. This potential reflects the producer's income generation and, with this, stands out as an important factor of social inclusion. In the states of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte, the rational creation of stingless bee is practiced from generation to generation, however there are no precise records on investment and maintenance costs of a meliponário, nor on costs of production. In view of the above, the objective of this study was to investigate meliponicultores in these two states of northeastern Brazil, in order to evaluate and compare the socioeconomic potential of stingless bees. The research was developed in the states of Paraiba (PB) and Rio Grande do Norte (RN) during the period from May 2017 to May 2019, with data collection involving issues related to the process of rearing stingless bees from information provided by the creators of these two states. For this study, 45 (forty - five) meliponicultores were distributed in the four mesoregions of Paraíba state (Mata Paraibana, Agreste Paraibano, Borborema, Sertão Paraibano), which are located in the cities of João Pessoa, Cabedelo, Dona Inês, Picuí, São João do Cariri, Itaporanga, Pombal, Aparecida, Cacimba de Areia, São João do Rio do Peixe, Poço José de Moura, Santa Cruz and Santa Helena] and Rio Grande do Norte, also in the four mesoregions [East Potiguar, Agreste Potiguar, Central Potiguar and Potiguar West], in the cities of Natal, Parnamirim, Barcelona, São Paulo do Potengi, Riachuelo, Passagem, Passa and Fica, Santa Cruz, Lajes Pintadas, Pedro Avelino, Assu, Mossoro, Patu and Campo Grande]. According to the evaluations, it can be verified that the species of stingless bees most reared in the two states are Jandaíra Bee (Melipona subnitida), Uruçu Nordestina (Melipona scutellaris), Rajada (Melipona asilvae), Mandaguari (Scaptotrigona sp) and Moça Branca (Frieseomellita sp). The largest number of breeders in Rio Grande do Norte is located in the western Potiguar mesoregion, concentrated in the municipality of Mossoró, both in the urban and rural areas, while in the state of Paraíba the largest concentration of breeders occurred in the Sertão Paraibano. The purpose of the stingless bees, where the study was developed, is quite diverse. Few creators presented only one reason why they develop the activity, possibly because of the importance of these insects in the preservation of biodiversity, their products and the cultural load brought by the populations, especially in relation to the importance of honey as a medicine. In this way, it is noticed that many creators already find in the activity a possibility of extra income.