A Relação entre Religiosidade, Culpa e Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida no Contexto do HIV/AIDS

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Medeiros, Bruno
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba; BR; Psicologia Social; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Psicologia social; Religiosidade; Qualidade de vida; HIV/AIDS; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/7016

The advent of the highly active antiretroviral therapy contributed to the representation of AIDS as a chronic disease. As consequence, it can be observed a higher prolongation in the lives of seropositive people to HIV/AIDS, emerging questions such as: coping in front of the disease, the relevance of social support networks and quality of life. In this context, the construct quality of life has taken part of the approach of health public policies in the context of HIV/AIDS, and this concept comprises many dimensions in its evaluation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relation among religiousness, sense of guilt and quality of life in people who live with HIV/AIDS. Method: About 90 patients participated of this study, in a non-probabilistic and accidental way. They were patients of a reference hospital in the care of seropositive people to HIV/AIDS in the city of João Pessoa-PB. Their age range varied from 19 to 48 years old (M = 33,7; SD = 6,6), about 56% were men and 63,3% lived in the metropolitan area of João Pessoa. The participants answered these instruments: World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF); Religiousness Attitude Assessment Questionnaire (RAAQ); Guilt Multidimensional Scale and a Socio-Demographic and Clinical Questionnaire. Data was submitted to descriptive and bivariate analyses (correlation); in order to verify differences between the averages of criterion groups was used the Student t test. A multiple regression analysis (stepwise) was performed in order to verify which variables would better explain the quality of life to this sample. Results: Concerning clinical data, time passed since the confirmation for diagnosis varied from 01 to 28 years old (M=6,25; SD=4,91), 87,8% of them had used the antiretroviral therapy and 60% told had not been infected by opportunists diseases. The CD4 lymphocyte count varied from 32 to 1250 mm³ (M=534,6; SD=274,83). It was verified a good evaluation of quality of life among the participants (M=56; SD=19,9), being women more satisfied with their physical domain than men (t = 2,29; df = 82,9; p = 0,02). The relation between the religiousness/spirituality/personal beliefs (RSPB) domain and evaluation of general quality of life was observed (r = 0,33; p = 0,001); the RSPB domain was also related to psychological (r = 0,39; p = 0,001), social (r = 0,41; p = 0,001) and environmental domains (r = 0,35; p = 0,001) of the WHOQOL-BREF. Furthermore, women demonstrated higher levels of religious attitude than men (t = 2,21; df = 88; p = 0,03). A negative correlation between guilt related to time and physical domain (r = -0,37; p = 0,001) was also found out. Among the symptomatic patients, there were inverse correlation among the physical domain and guilt related to time (r = - 0,63; p = 0,001), subjective guilt (r = - 0,38; p = 0,02) and objective guilt (r = -0,37; p = 0,02). This study demonstrated that religiousness is relevant in the existence of diseases, being more highlighted in the perception of quality of life in people with unfavorable health evaluation. Besides it, the presence of the sense of guilt in the clinical progression of the infection was evident. This presence was also related to the quality of life s domains. It is expected that this study will help professionals and researchers to better comprehend the variety of determinants related to health and have been present in the routine of people who live with HIV/AIDS, providing the elaboration of action strategies which can comprise these aspects.