Uso do pastejo rotacionado para controle da infestação da pastagem e das parasitoses gastrintestinais em caprinos

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Paulo Henrique Rocha de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciências Veterinárias; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Parasitoses gastrintestinais – Pequenos ruminantes; Pastejo rotacionado – Infecção em caprinos; Caprinocultura – Pastagem; helmintíases; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15403

The exploitation of goats in the region of Brejo Paraibano - Brazil, in most cases, occurs in a non-technical way and several health problems arise, aggravated by deficient technical assistance. Among the health problems are the gastrointestinal parasites, which have their occurrence favored by the climate and the systems of creation identified in the properties, where the animals are raised in small and humid areas, that favor the development and survival of infective larvae In the pasture for long periods. Ingestion of the larvae causes the animals to present the clinical signs of gastrointestinal parasitizes and frequent use of anthelmintic, which results in the development of parasitic resistance. An important tool that should be adopted in the herds is the integrated control of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases, which is characterized by the adoption of a set of measures aimed at reducing the contamination of animals and pastures. The knowledge of the time of year in which larvae occur in a greater or lesser number in the pastures is an essential data for the understanding of the population dynamics of the parasites in a region and for the establishment of measures of strategic control, since larvae ingested from the pasture daily is the fact that more Influences the parasitic load of the animals. The use of rotational pasture management has been used as a way to control the infection of animals with helminthes larvae. The reduction of the time of occupation of the pickets aims to prevent the contamination of the animals with larvae coming from feces deposited in that grazing cycle. In the last years several outbreaks of parasitizes have been registered in the goat sector of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the UFPB, located in the city of Areia - PB, which has been causing reduction in productivity, animal deaths, drug expenses and resistance to anthelmintic. One of the main problems associated with outbreaks is the contamination of pastures, and it is important to initiate studies on the population dynamics of the parasites in the pasture so that the information can be used in an integrated control of parasites. In this dissertation a study was presented that aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the use of rotational grazing as a way to reduce pasture infestation and infection of goats with nematode infecting larvae. The experiment had duration of 80 days, 10 non-lactating goats were used and the animals occupied Brachiaria decumbens pickets for 66 days, and the pasture was evaluated until the end of the experimental period. The animals grazed the same picket for three days. The rest period being 33 days. Pasture samples were collected for contamination evaluation. To evaluate the degree of infection of the animals were performed parasitological exams of feces and the animals were weighed for performance evaluation. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design with 12 treatments (rest periods) and five replicates. Infective larvae were identified in all rest periods and no significant differences were identified between treatments. However, between 24º and 30º of rest, an increase in the number of larvae recovered in the pasture was identified. Despite the presence of larvae in the grass, the larvae remained during the experimental period in amounts that did not cause an increase in the parasitic load of the animals, the animals started the experiment with a moderate level of infection and this was maintained throughout the experimental period. Weight gain in the second grazing cycle was unsatisfactory probably due to the reduction in food availability and quality. The rotational grazing system, as presented in this study, can be recommended as part of an integrated parasite management, since it allowed to control the parasitic load of the animals and kept the number of infective larvae in the pasture reduced.