Malformações congênitas em bezerros

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Dutra, Lucas da Costa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciências Veterinárias; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: endogamia; alterações congênitas; sistema nervoso; bovinos; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29728

Malformations are characterized by abnormalities in the structure and/or functionality of organs or systems, being present in all species of animals, presenting as outbreaks or isolated cases. In most cases, birth defects are easily identified at birth, but the causes of their occurrence often remain a challenge in veterinary practice, due to the extensive etiology. The causes for the occurrence of malformations include infectious, environmental, nutritional and hereditary factors. This dissertation presents two chapters addressing cases of malformations in calves in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The first chapter describes the clinical and pathological findings identified in a calf that presented with multiple congenital abnormalities and was euthanized due to the severity of the abnormalities. The major alterations visualized in the physical and necroscopic examination of the animal were joint stiffness in the right forelimb, palatoschisis and urachoscopic diverticulum, whose etiology could not be identified. The second chapter reports a study regarding the causes of an outbreak of congenital neurological disease in purebred Tabapuan calves. Five out of a total of twelve calves born were examined and subsequently euthanized due to the severity of the signs presented. Examinations for the main infectious diseases were negative, and microcephaly and malformation in bridges were evidenced in the necropsy. Following a genealogical study, a high degree of inbreeding was identified among the animals in the herd, which is responsible for the occurrence of the malformations. The information obtained in the studies regarding the etiology of malformations should be widely disseminated among producers so that prophylactic measures can be adopted, especially in relation to malformations associated with inbreeding, infectious agents, toxins, nutritional factors and those resulting from the use of drugs with teratogenic potential.