Qualidade de vida de pessoas com estomia intestinal

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Merifane Januário de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Enfermagem; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Qualidade de vida; Quality of life; Ostomia; Enfermagem; Ostomy; Nursing; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/7588

Although there are numerous definitions for the term quality of life, there is no universal conceptualization. Nevertheless, it is observed that for people to have a good quality of life, it is important that they feel satisfied in various aspects, principally those considered essential in their lives. Hence, the QOL emerges as an instrument of impact in the evaluation of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs), among them the colorectal cancer, the principal responsible for the confection of intestinal stomas. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of people with intestinal stomas attended at a reference service. Methodology: This is a study of the type household survey, descriptive, cross-sectional and of quantitative approach. The research had as the initial input the Association of Ostomized individuals of the State of Paraiba (AOEPB), from which the study population arose. The non-probabilistic sample, for convenience, was selected through four steps and resulted in a total of 30 stomized people. The data were analyzed through the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and absolute and percentage distributions, as well as inferential statistical techniques, were obtained. The project was approved by the Committee of Research Ethics of the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley / UFPB, under the sentence number 370.838 and Presentation Certificate for Ethics Appreciation number 17224613.8.0000.5183. Results: The average age of participants was 60.67 years old, equally distributed between the sexes. The majority of participants were retired, Catholics, with low educational levels, married and with an income of one to three minimum wages. Clinically, the respondents had the following characteristics: they had a permanent stoma (73.3%) and because of cancers (80%), with inadequate position (90%), with no postoperative complication (80%), BMI above weight (50%) and surgery time of over 10 years (44.8%). Regarding the quality of life scores, it was observed that the measures obtained for the physical, social, psychological and spiritual domains were above 5. Only the variable anxiety present in the psychological domain, showed average below 5 (4.69). By comparing the average of the four domains, the best score was the spiritual well-being (7.65), and the lowest, the psychological well-being (7.05). The association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the quality of life scores revealed significance between religion and the social domain (p = 0.042); between the occupation and the physical domain (p = 0.041), the psychological domain (p = 0.006) and quality of life total (p = 0.010); between body mass index and the psychological domain (p = 0.002) and QOL (p = 0.007); between the position of the stoma and the physical domain (p = 0.003), the psychological domain (p = 0.013) and QOL (p = 0.012); and the types of stoma complications with the psychological domain (p = 0.018) and QOL (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The quality of life can be considered satisfactory among the research subjects, however it is recommended that the multidisciplinary group, especially nursing, be more attentive to the psychological domain, in order to propose strategies that will contribute to improve the quality of life, as well as questions that influence on how these people live and which can stimulate the progress of health services.