Utilização do óleo de neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) no controle de endoparasitas de ovinos na fase de cria

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2018
Autor(a) principal: Souza , Jair Batista de
Orientador(a): Não Informado pela instituição
Banca de defesa: Não Informado pela instituição
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Brasil
Agricultura
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia)
UFPB
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Não Informado pela instituição
Departamento: Não Informado pela instituição
País: Não Informado pela instituição
Palavras-chave em Português:
Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18066
Resumo: Sheep farming is one of the most important branches of livestock in the world. Brazil presents itself as the 18 th largest producer, and have the largest herds in the Northeast and South regions. The Brazilian producers are mainly characterized by the production of sheep for use of meat, skin and wool. The predominant sheep breeds in Brazil are: Sulfok, Texel, Corredelle, Santa Inês, Dorper and Morada Nova. Gastrointestinal parasites are the main health problem faced by breeders. The verminoses cause delayed growth, weight loss, reproductive losses and in more serious cases the death, mainly of young animals. The main intestinal worms of sheep found in Brazil are of the genera: Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Strongyloides spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Cooperia spp. and Bunostomum spp. The main method used by farmers to deal with parasitoses was the use of chemical vermifuges applied throughout the year, however the indiscriminate use of these molecules caused the emergence of resistant parasites and consequently the inefficiency of the treatments. Many studies have proven the resistance of parasites to the most varied groups of deworms. The anthelmintics most used for the control of verminoses in small ruminants in Brazil are of the family of Benzimidazois, Imidazotiazoles and Macrocyclic Lactones. Despite the increasing resistance of the parasites to the vermifugs, promising alternatives of treatment of the verminoses in sheep have appeared, one of them is the use of plants with antiparasitic action. In this sense the Indian neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) has shown encouraging results when used for this purpose. The neem has already been used in the most different applications, in agriculture it is used in the fight against more than 200 pests and in the cattle raising has been increasing the interest for its use. Neem can be used in the form of hay, extract, pie or even as cold extracted oil. The use of this plant and its derivatives has already been shown to be effective in combating ectoparasites such as ticks, and in some studies it has been able to reduce egg counts per gram of feces (EPG) in small ruminants. It is therefore evident that the main problem of Brazilian sheep farming is gastrointestinal parasitoses and that new means of control must be developed in order to find a solution to this problem. Thus, the use of neem oil is one of the most promising alternatives for success in antiparasitic treatments in sheep.