Avaliação neuropsicológica em crianças e adolescentes com infecção por HIV e AIDS

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Nelsa Carol Nicolau
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: velocidade de processamento de informação; funções; neuropsicologia; executiva; Neuropsicologia; Estudo comparativo; Síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; Pediatria
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECJS-84SGEV

AIDS is a disease that manifests itself the infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and affects the nervous system that may lead to neurocognitive damages. Children and adolescents have the highest risk of developing neurocognitive problems in comparison to adults, given that the virus invades an immature and in development nervous system. A battery of 12 neuropsychological tasks was standardized, normalized and applied in 3 groups: a) clinical group1- composed of 14 patients with HIV; b) clinical group 2 composed of 32 patients with AIDS e c) control group composed of 362 subjects without the disease, similar in age, gender and education. The main objective of this work was to compare the performance in the 12 tasks ofthese 2 clinical groups (HIV and AIDS) with the performance of the control group. The specific objectives were: a) determine whether the clinical groups is a major compromise on tasks of speed of information processing and executive functions in relation to linguistic intelligence and b) determine the association between neuropsychological performance and the evolution of the disease. The results were presented in 2 times. At first, comparisons were made between the threegroups with the statistical test of Kruskal-Wallis and then post-hoc comparisons with the statistical test of Mann-Whitney. In the second stage were performed ROC analyses, showing which tasks best discriminate between individuals in the control group and individuals in clinical group. The main results were 1) the group with HIV and AIDS has a poor performance in neuropsychological tasks, 2) there were no significant differences in intelligence and verbal fluency; 3) the HIV group is in a position intermediate between the control group and AIDS and4) the tests of speed of information processing and executive function were those with the highest accuracy for discrimination of clinical and control groups (HIV and AIDS) around more than 70%. The study indicates that children in more advanced disease have higher cognitiveimpairment.