Extremo sul da Bahia: caracterização socioeconômica e os Impactos da expansão do setor de base florestal

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Marcelino Serretti Leonel
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desenvolvimento e crescimento regional; Caracterização socioeconômica; Modelo de equilíbrio geral computável; Setor de Base Florestal
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/FACE-ADBH5J

This thesis aimed at quantifying and analyzing, through a descriptive approach, socioeconomic indicators and effects generated after the expansion of the Forest-Based Sector, specifically from the production of pulp and paper in the extreme south of Bahia, in Brazil. In order to achieve this goal, the study initially had, as its basis, a historical perspective of public policies focused on the regional development and economic growth in the Northeast since the 1960s. It is also grounded on programs and plans promoted by the federal and state governments, directed to the Forest-Based Sector, and the emergence and industrial location of the main developments in the sector in that region. A brief description of the production of pulp and paper and the dynamics of the sector in national and international markets, through an economic overview, will be presented. The work continues by checking the socioeconomic and demographic indicators in the extreme south of Bahia from 1980 (when the intensification of the Forest-Based Sector started) to 2010. Finally, a concise description of the Computable General Equilibrium Model and the Applied General Equilibrium Model (also known as MESB) will be presented. This model, targeted to the region under study, is based on the structure of IMAGEM-B, which was created in order to conduct public policy analysis, economic planning, investment in infrastructure, trade, and environmental issues, calibrated with information from the Brazilian economy. MESB has a mathematical structure and a set of linearized equations; solutions are obtained in the form of growth rates. In possession of this model, a projection/analysis regarding the economic impact in the extreme south of Bahia has been carried out, considering the investments made by the factories of pulp and paper in the region between 2005 and 2012. As a result of the descriptive analysis of the socio-economic indicators and projections obtained through MESB, it is concluded that, following the intensification of the Forest-Based Sector in the extreme south of Bahia over the years, the municipalities of Teixeira de Freitas, Eunapolis, Porto Seguro, Mucuri, and Nova Viçosa now have a service framework oriented to suit the population and the production of intermediate goods, thus, assuming a complementary role in the industrial park installed, becoming central places, effectively. Moreover, with evidences of the contribution of federal programs related to the insertion of the poorest people in the consumer market and programs that transfer income to decrease poverty, the intensification of the Forest- Based Sector also enabled increasing impacts on socio-economic indicators; positive changes in income, in GDP, in the generation of jobs, tax revenues, education, and in the issue of poverty reduction, allowing thus the process of development and economic growth in the entire region.