Avaliação cognitiva e neuropsiquiátrica após 12-18 meses em pacientes hospitalizados por Covid-19

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Danielle Calil de Sousa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; MEDICINA - FACULDADE DE MEDICINA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: COVID-19; Disfunção Cognitiva; Síndrome de COVID-19 Pós- Aguda; Fatores de Risco; Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave; Hospitalização
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/69436

Background: Cognitive impairment is observed in post-COVID-19 syndrome. However, studies on long-term cognitive effects after SARS-CoV-2 infection in populations with low education and low socioeconomic status are scarce. Objective: To investigate the cognitive and neuropsychiatric effects and their potential risk factors 12-18 months after hospitalization due to COVID-19 infection in a Brazilian cohort. Methods: Participants were recruited from three public hospitals in Belo Horizonte, between June 2020 and April 2021, including all patients aged 50+ years who met SARS criteria and had a COVID-19 diagnosis. One year after hospital admission, patients were submitted to a cognitive screening battery (TICS-M). Subsequently, participants underwent cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessment. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was defined by deficits that were 1.5 standard deviations or more below age- and education-corrected norms. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection were analyzed as potential risk factors for cognitive impairment after COVID-19. Results: 19/133 (14,28%) of the participants had impaired TICS-M and 65/133 participants were evaluated and included in this analysis. Their mean age was 65,3 ± 8 years, 45 (69,2%) were women, 36 (57,1%) were brown, 31 (47,7%) had up to 4 years of schooling and 46 (83,6%) had a family income below R$ 3960 monthly. The mean length of hospital stay was 16,1 ± 10,4 days, 36 (55,4%) required intensive care and 18 (27,7%) needed invasive ventilatory support. 70.8% had MCI with the following subtypes: 50% amnestic MCI multiple-domain, 6.5% amnestic MCI single-domain, 23.9% non-amnestic MCI single-domain, and 19.6% non-amnestic MCI multiple-domain. Age, female sex and hyposmia were associated with post-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunction. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment after 12 to 18 months of hospitalization due to COVID-19 was a very frequent finding. The most common subtype found in this study was amnestic MCI multiple-domain. Age, female sex and hyposmia were associated with post-COVID-19 cognitive dysfunction.