Correlação entre comprimento dos telômeros com composição corporal e fatores de risco cardiovascular em idosos com diferentes perfis cognitivos

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Thayana Oliveira Soares
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Absorciometria por Dupla Emissão de Raios-x; Comprimento do Telômero; Massa Magra; Alzheimer; Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve; Composição Corporal; Absorciometria de Fóton; Encurtamento do Telômero; Disfunção cognitiva; Doença de Alzheimer; Medicina; Fatores de Risco
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-B57K7V

The aging of the Brazilian population has been significant over the years. With the increase in life expectancy, there has been an increase in the incidence of mild cognitive impairment (CCL) and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Among the consequences of advancing age, changes in body composition, as well as increased cardiovascular risk factors (CVR), have been associated with cognitive impairment. The presence of these endpoints may accelerate shortening of telomeres that have been considered a marker of cellular aging. In addition, the presence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genetic polymorphisms have also been associated with a greater conversion of CCL to DA. The main objective of the study was to elucidate the association between relative telomere length with factors related to body composition in elderly control (CG), with CCL and AD. As secondary objectives: to characterize the relationship between socio-demographic, genetic (APOE polymorphism) and clinical factors (body composition, CVR factors, alcoholism, among others) with the different cognitive profiles and to evaluate if the relative telomere length is associated with the factors of RCV. The elderly were submitted to geriatric and neuropsychological evaluation for the diagnosis and collection of clinical data. The body composition was made by Absorciometry method by dual emission of x-rays (DXA). For the genetic analysis, 4 ml of EDTA peripheral blood were collected for DNA extraction by saline and then realtime Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In the descriptive analysis, the sample had a female prevalence, with a more advanced age in the AD group and a lower level in the CCL group compared to the CG. For RCV factors, GC had a higher percentage of dyslipidemia, although no association with higher RCV. In the genetic part, the prevalence of polymorphism was observed in the AD group, which also obtained a shorter telomere length. Regarding body composition, the Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were lower in the AD group than in the CG group. The telomere length was associated only with hypertension (SAH) in CCL and in Linear Regression with dyslipidemia and the AD group. We conclude that the highest BMI and CA are protective factors in the elderly and that the inverse relation of the relative telomere length with the AD is clear. In CCL the variability of telomere size in the group may interfere with the observed outcomes regarding SAH. For dyslipidemia, the observed association corroborates with other studies. Regarding body composition, there was no significant association with the relative telomere length.