Obtenção e fracionamento de ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos a partir do óleo de coco ariri (Syagrus cocoides martius)

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: BASTOS, Fernanda Carneiro
• Orientador(a): MACIEL, Adeilton Pereira
• Banca de defesa: MACIEL, Adeilton Pereira , CAVALCANTE, Kiany Sirley Brandão Cavalcante , ROCHA, Claudia Quintino da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA/CCET
• Departamento: DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICA/CCET
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Óleos vegetais; Syagrus; Ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Vegetable oils; Syagrus; Fatty acid methyl esters
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Química
• Link de acesso: https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3175

Despite the great diversity of palm trees (Arecaceae) there is still no data on many of them, for example ariri. The ariri is of the Syagrus genus and has fruits composed of oily almonds and its application is mainly restricted to popular use. This work aims to evaluate the ariri coconut almond oil, as to the extraction method and as a raw material for obtaining enriched fractions of methyl esters of fatty acids. Initially, the species used was identified. The extraction of almond oil was performed in cold and hot way, with fruits collected in a dry and rainy season; and analyzed as to the yield and physical-chemical parameters.The esters were obtained by alkaline transesterification, under magnetic stirring at 60 ° C (333, 15 F), 1:18 m / m molar ratio (oil: methanol) and 1% KOH catalyst (% oil mass); for 1 hour. The fractionation of the esters was performed by liquid column chromatography, packed with silica gel 60, mobile phase hexane / ethyl acetate; accompanied by Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometer. The species was identified as Syagruscocoides Martius. The extractions proved to be efficient and without significant changes due to the method used. As for the collection period, the oil from fruits obtained in the dry period showed better quality. Several fractions were obtained among them pure fraction of the methyl ester of lauric acid and mixtures containing 2-6 esters, with 62.7–96.95% of the methyl ester of lauric acid. This result accredits coconut ariri as an excellent raw material for obtaining new high purity standards and as a raw material for application in various products.