Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2014 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
Moura, Maria Edileuza Soares
 |
| Orientador(a): |
Stefani, Mariane Martins de Araújo
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| Banca de defesa: |
Stefani, Mariane Martins de Araújo,
Couto-Fernandez, José Carlos,
Eulálio, Kelsen Dantas,
Teles, Sheila Araújo,
Fonseca, Simone Gonçalves da |
| Tipo de documento: |
Tese
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| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Goiás
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| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Publica (IPTSP)
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| Departamento: |
Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública - IPTSP (RG)
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| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: |
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| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
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| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
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| Link de acesso: |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4334
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Resumo: |
In a vast country, like Brazil surveillance of transmitted drug resistance to antiretroviral drugs/TDR should be continuous and extended to different locations and exposure groups. In the last decade significant geographic differences have been reported in the Brazilian AIDS epidemic: reduction in incidence of AIDS cases and related mortality in the southeast region (epicenter of the epidemic) contrasting with significant rise in both parameters in the northeast region. This study describes TDR and HIV-1 subtypes in protease-PR and reverse transcriptase-RT regions among antiretroviral (ARV) naïve patients from Piauí State (n=89) and Maranhão State (n=106), northeast, Brazil recruited between August 2011 and June 2012. HIV-1 pol gene (protease/PR and 2/3 of reverse transcriptase/RT) was sequenced from RNA. TDR was evaluated using the Calibrated Population Resistance (CPR) tool/Stanford HIV-1 Database, HIV-1 subtypes were defined by REGA software and phylogenetic analyses. Among patients from Piauí State (44 females, 45 males, 22 of them were men who have sex with men-MSM), overall TDR rate was 13.5%. TDR rate among MSM was 27.3% while among heterosexual men TDR rate was 10% and 9.1% among females. Single-class mutations to ARV (RT nucleoside and non nucleoside inhibitors NRTI/NNRTI or PR inhibitors/PI) predominated (10/12): M46L/V82F/L90M (PI), M41L/D67N (NRTI); K103NS/E138A (NNRTI). Two patients had dual class mutations: T215L (NRTI) and E138G/Y188L (NNRTI); T215N (NRTI) and F227L (NNRTI). Subtype B predominated (86.6%), non-subtype B isolates were rare: subtype F1 (n=1), subtype C (n=1). B/F1, F1/B and B/C intersubtype recombinants were observed in 11.2%. In Maranhão State females predominated (54.7%), median age was 31 years (range: 18-72); 78.3% reported heterosexual unprotected sex, 17.9% were MSM, two reported intravenous drug use/IDU. SDRM TDR rate was 3.8% (4/106). TDR was identified in adults (21-45 years), mostly males (3/4), 2 MSM, one IDU. Single-class mutations associated with NRTI (M184V; T215S) or NNRTI (K103S/N) were detected. No major PI mutation was identified; four isolates presented accessory mutations to PI (L10I/F, A71T/V). Subtype B represented 81.1% (86/106), subtype F1 1.9% (2/106), subtype C 2.8% (3/106) and 14.2% (15/106) were recombinants. The moderate frequency of BF recombinants in PI and MA where subtype F1 is rare suggests that recombinants generated in southeast/central-western were introduced and are circulating in northeast Brazil. Among patients from PI, high TDR rate observed among MSM ccontrasts with moderate rate among heterosexual patients. This result indicates that genotyping tests to detect drug resistance and TDR, mainly among MSM can contribute to define surveillance policies and to delineate prevention strategies to help control AIDS epidemic in northeast, Brazil. |
