Aspectos econômicos e institucionais relacionados à fiscalização ambiental a área de proteção ambiental da Bacia do Rio São João/Mico-Leão-Dourado/IBAMA, RJ- Brasil
| Ano de defesa: | 2009 |
|---|---|
| Autor(a) principal: | |
| Orientador(a): | |
| Banca de defesa: | |
| Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
| Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: | por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Ambiental
Multidisciplinar |
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Não Informado pela instituição
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| Departamento: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
| País: |
Não Informado pela instituição
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: | |
| Link de acesso: | https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/18341 |
Resumo: | The Atlantic Forest is one of the world's 34 the]rea tened biodivrsity "hotspot" from which less than 7% of its originl forest covering remains. Tweenty percent of the world's most edangered primates livei this "hotspot", including all four Leontopithecus species. One of these isthe golden lion tamarin, Leontopithecus rosalia, endemic of the lowland forest in Rio de Janero State, and the present distribuition area restricted to the São João watershed biodiversity conservation are the loss of habitat, habitat fragmentation, invasive species and huting. The protected areas are globally recognized as an effective tool to biodiversity protection. Government, at large, has been successful in the creation of protcted areas in Brazil,nevertheless the establishment of rules and borders of such areas, do not ensure its objectives accomplishment. The environmental law enforcement system of protected areas must to be efficient in its primary function as a deterrent and preventive tool of environmental degradation. For the purpose of this study, enforcemnt is defined as the system comprisng detection, apprehension, prosecution - administrative and criminal - and conviction of the lawbreaker. The enforcement system performance can be evaluated by the derrent value provided to the potencial lawbreakers. This value is directly related tothe probabilities of compilance ofeach system component, to the fine value, the discount rate of the lawbreaker and to elapsed time since detection to conviction.Under this approach - named Enforcement Economics - a system is efficient if the deterrent vue prvided to the potential lawbreakers is higher than the profits from the illegal activity. This approch was applied to evaluate the law enforcement system performance at the Golden Lion Tamarin/São João Environmental Protected Area concernig deforestation and huting crime at the administrative level, during 2001 to 2005. The elevation were applied under three different scenarios: "ideal", observed and perceive, under which different compliance probabilities - detection, apprehension, prosecution and conviction were used. The results demonstrate that in the regional context, the law enforcement system is efficient under all scenarios in the deforestation deterrence. Concerning the hunting crimes, the enforcement system is efficient under the "ideal" and observed scenarios, but inefficient i the perceived scenario.Nevertheless, legal deforestation and hunting are common pratices in the region. The reasons for that may be related to the low opportunity cost of the lawbreakers in thisregion; to th insufficiency administrative deterrence to the lawbreakers in the region, and to an overestimted deterrent value provided by the enforcement system in th analyzed scenarios |