Qualidade da água de microbacias hidrográficas sob atividades silviculturais em Aracruz, ES

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Gardiman Junior, Benvindo Sirtoli
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Ciências Florestais; Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Small watershelds; Water quality; Forestry; Microbacias hidrográficas; Qualidade de água; Silvicultura; Bacias hidrográficas - Aracruz (ES); Água - Qualidade; Florestas - Conservação; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; 630
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5828

This research aims at investigating possible impact of forestry over the diversity of water quality. For that, a monitoring of four small watershelds under forestry activity was performed in Aracruz city, in northern Espírito Santo state, Brazil, from January to July, 2012.The physical and chemical features of water are related to the influence of climate factors and forestry management, besides the law. At last, a water quality index (WQI) was proposed. The variables used for monitoring are the following: Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Zi, Inorganic Carbonate, Organic Carbonate, Chloride, Nitrate, Sulphate, Phosphate, Ammonium, Glyphosate, Alkalinity, CE, Cor, DQO, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, OD, Midair Solid, Dissolver Solid, Sulfluramida, Temperature, Turbidity e pH. The monitoring results showed the variables of Cu, Fe, P, Cor, OD e pH. The monitoring results showed that the variable Cu, Fe, P, Color, OD, and pH are over the limits stablished by CONAMA 357/05 resolution for class-two rivers. The analysis of the main components provided the reduction of 30 variables verified in four components, which explains a total of 73,10% variation in data. The first component, with 31,62% of total variation, represents the mineralization process of the small watershelds; the second component, with 18,53% of variation, reflects the solving solids in water; the third one, with 15,57%, refers to the acidification process; and the fourth is realted to the pedological influence over waters. Among all the analyzed variation, the factorial analysis showed that the variables with the most sensitive to spatial and seasonal variability of the quality of water within the watersheds were: Mg, Na, Organic Carbonate, Chloride, CE, Clor, Fe, Nitrate, Midair Solid, pH, Inorganic Carbonate and Alkalinity. The quality of the monitored waters presented spacial and seasonal alteration. The impact of forestry activities over the water quality variations was not proved. The range of rain intensity and forestry activities did not alter the physical and chemical features of the water quality, and the rated WQA was proved to be an efficient tool to compare water quality of small watershelds, instead of studying each variable alone