Compostos nanoparticulados : avaliação do potencial antileucêmico e imunomodulador

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Alice de Freitas
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; Brasil; UEA; PPGH -PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS APLICADAS À HEMATOLOGIA
• Palavras-chave em Português: Leucemia; Imunomodulação; Nanopartpiculas; Citotoxidade
• Link de acesso: https://ri.uea.edu.br/handle/riuea/2269

Leukemia represents a group of hematologic malignancies that originate from stem cells, causing the proliferation and accumulation of leukocytes in the bone marrow and blood. In 2018, leukemia was ranked the 15th most common cancer worldwide and the 11th leading cause of death. Nanoparticles as drug carriers offer advantages such as the ability to specifically target cancer cells, reduce treatment toxicity, and increase drug efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer and immunomodulatory activity of bismuth nanoparticles and the nanoparticle containing crajiru (nanoparticle-CRJ) in myeloid leukemia cell lines. All tests were performed in vitro, using the HL60 (acute myeloid leukemia) and K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia) cancer cell lines, and non-cancer Vero cell lines and peripheral blood monoclonal cells (PBMC) from blood donors. The cytotoxic activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated using the MTT test, while the ability to inhibit the clonal expansion of cancer cells was investigated using the colony formation assay. To evaluate the immunomodulatory potential, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured by means of an immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) in supernatant of PBMC treated with nanoparticles. The results showed that both the CRJ and Bismuth nanoparticle showed significant cytotoxic activity against the cancer cell lines HL60 (p<0.05) and K562 (p< 0.05) at all tested concentrations when compared to the control (untreated cells). No significant cytotoxic activity of the nanoparticle-CRJ was observed in non-cancer cells. The bismuth nanoparticle showed cytotoxic activity in non-cancer cells, reducing cell viability by an average of 27%, but less than that of cancer cells which reduced by an average of 43%. The bismuth nanoparticle reduced the formation of HL60 cell colonies by 79%, while the CRJ-nanoparticle reduced it by 93.95%. Regarding K562 cells, the nanoparticle-CRJ totally inhibited the formation of colonies. The nanoparticle-CRJ induced the expression of cytokines IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-α, which demonstrates its immunomodulatory potential. The results of this study indicate that the bismuth nanoparticle has an anticancer potential, while the CRJ-nanoparticle has an anticancer and immunomodulatory potential. These data suggest that these compounds are promising candidates for prospective studies in the treatment of myeloid leukemia