Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2019 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
Charnoski, Ana Lurdes
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| Orientador(a): |
Carraro, Emerson
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| Banca de defesa: |
Não Informado pela instituição |
| Tipo de documento: |
Dissertação
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| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste
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| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Comunitário (Mestrado Interdisciplinar)
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| Departamento: |
Unicentro::Departamento de Saúde de Irati
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| País: |
Brasil
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| Palavras-chave em Português: |
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| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
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| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
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| Link de acesso: |
http://tede.unicentro.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1476
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Resumo: |
Introduction: HIV causes continuous human immunodeficiency being the fifth largest cause of mortality in the world, mainly affecting young women. Antiretroviral therapy, associated with control of viral load and CD4 lymphocytes, added to professional and family support contribute to the payment of care, increasing the chances of treatment success. Risk behaviors are factors that influence transmissions, studies focused on the interdisciplinary analysis of HIV, have been shown to be important in the approach to the community, since existing problems can be intensified from the diagnosis of HIV infection. Changes in the level of behavior and population risk are fundamental in the prevention of contagion. Objective 1: In the first stage of the study the epidemiological profile was evaluated and the evolution of laboratory follow-up through viral load and CD4 lymphocyte counts from the time of diagnosis up to one year after the institution of antiretroviral treatment was evaluated in patients notified in the municipality of Pinhão - PR, during the period from 2008 to 2018. Objective 2: In the second stage of the study was compared the perception of risk and coping with the disease by those living with HIV with those who do not have HIV. Methodology: A quantitative study was carried out to collect individual characteristics in relation to the demographic, social, economic and educational profile, and correlations between the visits and the quantification of viral load and CD4 cell counts from diagnosis to 1 year after the institution of ART. Quantitative-qualitative method of interpretative or microsociological form of HIV-related free speech. This research was approved by the Committee of Ethics and Research involving human beings of UNICENTRO, opinion 2.813.907. Results and discussion: In the first stage of the study, 41 HIV / AIDS cases were reported in the municipality of Pinhão - PR, with incidence varying from zero to 26.48 / 100,000 inhabitants. HIV cases prevailed among females, of a brown color, heterosexual, with low schooling and who live in an urban area of the municipality. The greatest numbers of cases were diagnosed in a timely manner when compared to those who already had some opportunistic disease related to low immunity. There was an important loss of cases due to transfer of municipality, but in those followed a gradual improvement after the institution of the antiretroviral therapy, reduction in viral load and increase in CD4 lymphocytes for 1 year after initiation of treatment. In the second phase of the research in relation to the two groups studied there was also the prevalence of women with low school and economic level. They lacked understanding about HIV and the importance of condom prevention. The presence of risk factors was present for both the first group who had HIV in transmitting the disease and acquiring new IST’s, as well as the second group that did not have HIV in getting infected. It was evidenced that in the experiences lived by HIV patients there was non-acceptance of the disease, difficulties in adherence to ART due to side effects and feelings of social and economic insecurity. On the other hand, they also showed feelings of improvement regarding self care as abandonment of addictions and improvement in family relationships, which alleviates the suffering of living with HIV, but much of it has shown insecurity about the future of the children. Final considerations: We describe a high prevalence of cases and failures of follow-up of patients in the city due to their change, although the patients accompanied by the specialized health service showed an improvement in CD4 markers and viral load due to the good adhesion and response to antiretroviral therapy, which is paramount for reducing opportunistic diseases, mortality and controlling AIDS transmission. Stimulating people's perceptions is necessary and more intense in order to reduce vulnerability and risks of exposure to HIV because it is closely related to educational and economic factors. Políticas públicas eficientes e voltadas para melhoria nas condições de vida podem gerar impacto positivo na redução da transmissão do HIV. |
