A articulação da noção de identidade na teoria psicanalítica freudiana

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Sartori, João Eduardo Torrecillas
• Orientador(a): Maniakas, Georgina Carolina Oliveira Faneco
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Câmpus São Carlos
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia - PPGFil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Freud; Sexualidade; Identificação; Butler; Identidade
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Sexuality; Identification; Identity
• Palavras-chave em Espanhol: Sexualidad; Identificación; Identidad
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/20.500.14289/12256

Freud has never conceptualized the identity. However, in the analysis of his work, certain theoretical elements indicating the coherence between the notion of "sexual identity" and his metapsychology would be evident. Freudian theory was subversive in various contexts, such as in his conceptualizations of the unconscious psychic system in early twentieth-century Viennese society, or in his deconstruction, in 1933, of the notions of "masculinity" and of "femininity" socially established. However, in this dissertation, in an analysis of some of the author's works, necessary for the articulation of the notion of “sexual identity” in his theory, some essentialization of the Freudian concept of “sexuality” was evidenced, at least in works written until the mentioned year, as well as certain notions correlated with this concept – such as the notions of “Oedipus complex” and of “castration complex”. Butler, in his work entitled “Gender Trouble” (1990), criticized Freudian theory, highlighting its indirect contribution to the maintenance of the so-called “heterosexual matrix”, as well as to the essentialization of the identity categories related to the latter. According to the author, the Freudian description of certain individual identification mechanisms – in this case, the articulation between the certain concept of “identification” and the notion of “Oedipus complex” – constitutes a hidden instrument for conditioning identifications to the aforementioned matrix. In this sense, in the midst of a critique of the essentialization of sexual identity categories, theoretically referenced in some aspects, in Butler's work, this dissertation would analyze Freud's setback movement to a certain subversiveness of his own metapsychology. The subversiveness inherent in the Freudian concept of “original perverse polymorphism” would be contradicted in Freudian concepts such as that of original bisexuality and that of the Oedipus complex. Although Freudian work was initially used primarily in clinical practice – to support psychoanalytic practice – it articulated concepts that are still currently usable as theoretical instruments in the analysis of culture. The critical review, intended in this dissertation, of some theoretical constructs of the author, such as of the "identification", would contribute to the maintenance of consistent use of metapsychology in this sense. More specifically, criticism of Freud's essentialization of sexuality – and, indirectly, of sexual identity categories – would lead to the use of metapsychology as an instrument of subversion of the heterosexual matrix. Secondly, the evidence of elements in Freud's theory critically usable in the study of the imaginary individual assumption of a social identity would be intended, and indirectly in the theoretical elaboration of the problematic about the articulations between the individual and the sociocultural system. Of course, the nuances of the identity constitution in an individual would not be intuitive; and the critical analysis of the identification mechanisms through which an identity would be constituted would be necessary for certain developments in psychoanalytic theory – resulting in the emergence of more consistently usable theories in the establishment, constitution, normatization, or normalization of identities, as well as with other social identities.