Avaliação psicológica pré e pós-cirúrgica em pacientes mastectomizadas submetidas a procedimento reconstrutivo de mama

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Lufiego, Claudia Adriana Facco
• Orientador(a): Frasson, Antonio Luiz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica
• Departamento: Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: MEDICINA; GERONTOLOGIA; GERIATRIA; IDOSOS; ENVELHECIMENTO; NEOPLASIAS DA MAMA; MAMOPLASTIA; DEPRESSÃO; ANSIEDADE; AUTO-ESTIMA; MASTECTOMIA - ASPECTOS PSICOLÓGICOS
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA
• Link de acesso: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/2688

Introduction : Breast cancer is a disease that by its high incidence deserves more attention of public health organizations. It represents one of the highest death reasons among women. Researches substantiate that diagnosed women experience some degree of emotional perturbation like: sadness, anxiety, guilt anger and fear. But the most common psychiatric perturbations are depression and anxiety. These feelings assail both women and their families. Objective : To rate the feelings awaken in women who have undergone mastectomy procedures submitted to mammary reconstruction, as for the presence of depressive symptoms, anxiety, hopelessness and self-esteem. Method : longitudinal, observational and descriptive study, with patient follow-up. Evaluation of psychological characteristics of 30 women who have undergone mastectomy procedures submitted to mammary reconstruction attended in university hospitals. Patients depressive symptoms, anxiety, hopelessness and self-esteem were evaluated through the application of the following instruments: BDI; BAI; BHS and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale UNIFESP EPM, respectively. Result : It has been certified that depression, anxiety and hopelessness levels decreased after mammary reconstruction procedures. Wilcoxon signaled posts test for results comparisons between the first and second evaluations indicated that 80% of the sample decreased depression scores and 20% increased their scores, being the value of p = 0.000 with the significant difference at the level of 1%. As for anxiety, 83.3% of women decreased their scores on anxiety; 13.3% increased their levels and 3.3% kept the same score on both evaluations, being the value of p = 0.001, significant difference at the level of 1%. BHS showed that 64.3% of the sample decreased the scores of hopelessness: 17.9% decreased it and 17.9% kept the same score on both evaluations, being the value of p = 0.008 (significant difference at the level of 1%). It was observed that 73.3% of women increased their levels of self-esteem; 16.7% had self-esteem lower and 10% didn t suffer change. Student t test, for paired samples for score average comparison on both evaluations indicate an average = 10.60 and a DP=5.18 in the first evaluation and an average = 8.20 and a DP=4.35 in the second evaluation, therefore, the value of p=0.000 substantiating significant difference between the averages at the level of 1%. Conclusion : Breast cancer brings psychological repercussions for patients and their families, being depression and anxiety the most prevalent disturbances. According to results a reduction is noticed on depressive symptoms, anxiety, hopelessness and a higher self-esteem after mammary reconstruction. Mammary reconstruction surgery has a positive impact in the life quality of patients who have undergone mastectomy surgeries.