Grupos Balint na graduação: uma estratégia de promoção de empatia em estudantes de Medicina

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Leão, Jéssica Rodrigues Borges
• Orientador(a): Almeida, Fernando Antônio de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação nas Profissões da Saúde
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Estudantes de medicina; Educação médica; Empatia; Educação em saúde; Esgotamento do estudante
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Medical students; Medical education; Empathy; Health education; Student burnout
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/25969

Introduction: The medical literature has registered that among medical students, as the course evolves, there is a decrease in empathy scores, as well as an increase in stress, depressive symptoms and exhaustion. The Balint Groups emerged in the 1950s and bring together healthcare professionals who report, discuss and analyze the relational aspects between these professionals and the patient. Thus, they appear as a possible intervention strategy that intends to modify this pattern of behavior of the medical student during the course, which may have a subsequent impact on professional practice. Objective: To analyze the influence of the Balint Groups on the empathy levels of medical students, assessed by using the Jefferson Empathy Scale for medical students. Participants and Methods: This is an exploratory, analytical, qualitative and quantitative, prospective and experimental study. Empathy levels were assessed using the Jefferson Scale for Empathy Assessment for students with 336 medical students at the Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (FCMS at PUC-SP), from first to sixth years. Balint Groups were held with 16 medical students from FCMS at PUC-SP and 24 medical students from other Faculties of Medicine in Brazil. For participants in the Balint Groups, levels of empathy, using the same scale, were assessed before and after participation in the Balint Groups. A questionnaire that assesses the experience of participating in the Balint Groups, with open and closed questions, was also applied to participating students. Results: The study demonstrated that the levels of empathy among students from the first to sixth years of FCMS at PUC-SP remain stable, and there is an increase in empathy scores among students who participate in Balint Groups. Conclusion: The Balint Groups may be considered a useful educational strategy to increase empathy in medical students