A autonomia financeira das Agências Reguladoras Federais

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Nunes, Eduardo Peçanha
• Orientador(a): Martins, Paulo Emílio Matos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Palavras-chave em Português: Regulação; Reforma regulatória; Agências reguladoras; Sistemas regulatórios; Governança regulatória; Desenho institucional; Autonomia financeira
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Regulation; Regulatory reform; Regulatory agencies; Regulatory systems; Regulatory governance; Institutional design; Financial autonomy
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17055

The regulatory system varies depending on the country's institutional endowment. A component of the regulatory system is regulatory governance, namely the set of safeguards that limit discretionary actions of the regulator. In Brazil, one of the safeguards is the institutional design of regulatory agencies. This design consists of a series of factors among which stands out autonomy, commonly divided into administrative, financial and political. The ultimate goal of this study is to evaluate the financial autonomy of federal regulatory agencies. The greater financial autonomy is, the more robust regulatory governance tends to be, because the institutional design plays a better role as safeguard. Strengthened governance contributes to the stability of rules, reduces regulatory risk and enhances the attraction of private investments, which ultimately leverage the country's economic development. To achieve the ultimate goal, it will be held an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research. The means used are bibliographic, documentary and multiple cases. Each case is selected in a non-probabilistic way by typicality and accessibility, in that order, in order to reach contrasting results (theoretical replication). These criteria determine the choice of all federal regulatory agencies, with the exception of ANAC, because of the accessibility of its budgetary and financial data. Thus, from data of ANEEL, ANATEL, ANP, ANVISA, ANS, ANA, ANTAQ, ANTT and ANCINE for the years 2002 to 2010, four indicators are calculated: budget availability, budget execution, financial execution, and budget and financial overlay. The averages of these partial indicators comprise a comprehensive indicator of financial autonomy. The results are compared between the agencies, between the generations of the agencies and between the sectors of activity of the agencies, using the technique of analysis of variance with a significance level of five percent. The evaluation of the financial autonomy of federal regulatory agencies is unexpected. Rejecting the initial hypotheses, the regulatory agencies of first generation have inferior results to those agencies from second and third generation, and infrastructure agencies have inferior results to social agencies. These results highlight the need to revise the model of budgetary and financial management designed for federal regulatory agencies. The legal provision of own sources of funds is not sufficient to ensure the financial autonomy of agencies to the extent that the central government makes use of increasingly frequent resources impoundments.