Effect of vitamin Dȝ on antiphospholipid antibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19

• Main Author: Sales, Lucas Peixoto
• Publication Date: 2024
• Other Authors: Souza, Lucas V. B., Fernandes, Alan Lins, Murai, Igor H., Santos, Mayara Diniz, Vendramini, Margarete B. G., Oliveira, Ricardo M., Figueiredo, Camille P., Caparbo, Valéria de Falco, Gualano, Bruno, Pereira, Rosa M. R.
• Format: Article
• Language: eng
• Source: Clinics
• Download full: https://revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/237605
• topic: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Infection; Vitamin D; Antiphospholipid Antibodies Syndrome; Antiphospholipid Antibodies

Objective: To investigate the effect of a single oral dose of 200,000 IU of vitamin Dȝ on antiphospholipid antibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Methods: This is a post-hoc, exploratory analysis from a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial performed in two centers in São Paulo, Brazil. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin Dȝ (n = 97) or placebo (n = 97). In this post-hoc analysis, the endpoints were titers and frequency of anti−β2-Glycoprotein-I (aβ2-GP) and Anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies [Immunoglobulin G, M and A (IgG, IgM and IgA)]. Results: Overall mean (SD) age was 55.3 (13.9) years, Body Mass Index (BMI) was 32.2 (7.1 kg/m2 ), and 106 participants (54.6%) were male. There was a significant group by time interaction (p = 0.046) for frequency of aCL IgG, with increased values from baseline to discharge in the placebo group [n (%), from 13 (13.4) to 25 (25.8)] compared to the vitamin Dȝ [from 25 (25.8) to 29 (29.9)]. However, the frequency of aCL IgG did not change between the groups on discharge. No significant differences between vitamin Dȝ and placebo groups were found for any other autoantibodies. Conclusion: These findings do not support the use of a single oral dose of 200,000 IU of vitamin Dȝ to modulate autoantibodies in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.