Mediadores inflamatórios e estradiol: regulação e efeitos sobre o trato reprodutivo de ruminantes

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Fernando Caetano de
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca
• Texto Completo: http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/handle/prefix/7967
• topic: Prostaglandina; Ovulação; Divergência folicular; Ambiente uterino; Epitélio endometrial; Prostaglandin; Ovulation; Follicular divergence; Uterine environment; Endometrial epithelium; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::REPRODUCAO ANIMAL

Inflammatory mediators are involved in the control of physiological reproductive processes such as ovulation and luteolysis, as well as pathological processes, in response to lesions and/or infections of the first study. The objective was to compare inflammatory responses in sheep submitted to embryo collection by trnascervical (TC) or laparotomy (LP) route. Techniques did not differ in inducting inflammatory markers, but there was an increase in haptoglobin (D3 and D6), paraoxonase 1 (PON1; D3) and total protein (D9) influenced by the collection procedure. Thus, both procedures trigger inflammatory reaction and the TC pathway is indicated for animals with adequate cervical conformation, since the LP technique limits the number of procedures. In a second study, we evaluated the effect of treatment with prostaglandin F2α (PGF) on luteinization/ovulation markers and endometrial gene expression. The presence of PGF receptor mRNA (PTGFR) in the granulosa cells (CG) of follicles near to divergence was observed, being more abundant in the dominant follicle. There was no effect of PGF on follicle diameter, intrafollicular levels of estradiol or progesterone, and on the abundance of mRNA of steroidogenic enzymes in CG. PGF was not able to induce ovulation in cows supplemented with progesterone and did not affect the expression of the evaluated genes in the endometrium. Therefore, besides inflammatory mediators, steroid hormones are the main regulators of reproductive functions. In a third study, genes with distinct expression in the endometrial cells of cows were identified, with different levels of intrafollicular estrogen in proestrus/estrus, such as PPARG and OTR. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the relative abundance of IGFBP3, OTR, LTF and GREB1 mRNA and intrafollicular estradiol levels. A cell line culture was used to isolate the effect of estradiol on endometrial epithelial cells. After the identification of the estradiol receptor, treatment with estrogen induced an increase (10 min) and a subsequent decrease (15 and 30 min) in phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway. The phosphorylation of the AKT route decreases after (30 and 60 min) estrogen treatment. There was a decrease in the expression of the CCND1 and CCND2 genes and an increase in the PCNA expression 12 h after estrogen treatment, indicating an effect on the cell cycle, which was confirmed by a proliferation assay. The present study provides subsidies to measure the impact of embryo collection procedures on inflammatory mediators in sheep. Furthermore, it contradicts the hypothesis that PGF has a direct effect on follicular cells. The tested in vitro model is appropriate to study the effects of estrogen on bovine endometrial epithelial cells.