Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2016 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
AZEVEDO, Natália Matos Souza
 |
| Orientador(a): |
LIMA, Paulo Fernandes de |
| Banca de defesa: |
CORDEIRO FILHO, Hélio Manso,
OLIVEIRA, Marcos Antonio Lemos de,
COSTA, Fabiano Séllos,
WANDERLEY, Erika Korinfsky |
| Tipo de documento: |
Tese
|
| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
|
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Veterinária
|
| Departamento: |
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária
|
| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: |
|
| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
|
| Link de acesso: |
http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7144
|
Resumo: |
In experiment number 01 it was analyzed the tracheal fluid of healthy horses submitted to a “vaquejada” simulation test through endoscopy and tracheal lavage (TL) and it was observed the cytological profile of these horses. In experiment number 02 were compared the TL and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in horses submitted to a “vaquejada” simulation test to diagnose EIPH. Besides that, was determined through endoscopy the occurrence of the main respiratory diseases that affects “vaquejada” horses. It was used 21 pure and mixed quarter horses (pulling and supporting horses) of both sexes and with ages that varies between 4 and 15 years old. It was performed a clinical exam in all horses before the simulation test where it was measured the heart and respiratory rates, temperature, capillary refill time, intestinal motility and pulmonary auscultation. It was verified the average time for each animal to analyze the average speed and performed a blood sample collection for CBC and blood lactate in different moments (T0, T15, T30, T60). 5 races with the pulling and the supporting horses using a bull characterized the simulation. 30 to 60 minutes after the test, was performed the endoscopy, TL and BAL. The samples were sent to a lab where it was processed. In experiment 01 the average differential cell counting was 45,375 ± 8,255 epithelial cells; 0 goblets cells; 25 ± 9,59 neutrophils; 4,25 ± 1,013 lymphocytes; 0,25 ± 0,164 eosinophil; 11,5 ± 5,510 foamy macrophages; 5,875 ± 2,020 hemosiderophages; 0,87 ± 0,743 giant cells. All animals were clinically normal and there was no performance problems reported. According to the physical exam performed before the test, it was observed 46,5±4,732 beats per minute and 33,75±3,369 breaths per minute. During the test, the animals developed an average speed of 40,11 Km/h and no bleeding or nasal fluid was seen on the horses in an external exam. The quantity of saline solution acquired to do the TL was 18,875±0,639. There were no parameters difference between the pulling and the supporting horses (P>0,05). In experiment 02 none of the horses needed sedation to do the clinical or endoscopic exam. All animals showed clinically normal and there were no performance problems reported. According to the physical exam performed before the test, it was founded 40,86±2,42 beats per minute and 22,57±4,38 breaths per minute. After the test, no bleeding or nasal fluid was seen on the horses in an external exam. There were no differences in the average differential cell counting of the tracheal and bronchoalveolar aspirate between the studied groups. The endoscopic findings seen in horses 30 to 60 minutes after the test were: follicular hyperplasia in 9,5% of the horses, arytenoid granuloma in 4,8%, epiglottic chondritis in 23,8% of the horses in witch 9,5% was pulling horses and 14,28% was supporting horses; and laryngeal hemiplegia in 4,8% of the horses. Regarding the presence of tracheal fluid it was observed in 52,38% of the horses (11/21), in which 42,8% was pulling horses and 9,5% supporting horses, and that the EIPH occurred in 4,8% (1/21), which the horse was a supporting horse and the bleed was confirmed through endoscopy. The lactate levels and blood glucose levels was measured before and after exercise, showing the energy consumption and the athletic capacity of the horses. With these experiments we can conclude that the endoscopy and the TL cytology are fundamental tools to diagnose respiratory diseases, once the endoscopy shows functional disorders and the cytology allows visualization of the predominant cell type, identifying the existing pathology such as EIPH and IAD. Besides that, it was concluded that the “vaquejada” and the others speed tests are equestrian sports that induces the EIPH and that it is a pathological event related to a fail in the pulmonary capillaries or to pulmonary diseases. The endoscopic exam, the TL and BAL cytology are important tools to diagnose EIPH and the TL is as sensible as BAL and easier to be performed, detecting the predominant cell type in this disease even when the horse is negative to the endoscopic exam. |
