Fatores determinantes no resultado do tratamento do empiema pleural em crianças: drenagem pleural simples ou videotoracoscopia? Ensaio clínico controlado

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Hasimoto, Fabio Nishida [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Empiema - Cirurgia; Pleura - Doenças; Toracoscopia; Diagnóstico por imagem; Crianças - Doenças - Tratamento; Pleura - Diseases
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108646

The empyema have been treated in various ways, from the serial thoracocentesis, exclusive thoracic drainage, drainage and fibrinolytics, infusion thoracotomy and decortication for cavity cleansing to drainage through videothoracoscopy (VATS). Although drainage is a quite old method, it is very effective, depending on the stage of empyema. The VATS even being more invasive, since requires general anesthesia, is resolute in most stages of empyema. To analyze cases of parapneumonic pleural empyema in children undergoing simple drainage or early VATS in our service in order to determine the conclusive factors in a favorable treatment outcome. Prospective controlled trial that evaluated age, gender, time of diagnosis, aspect of the fluid, pathogens, type of treatment (simple chest tube drainage or early VATS), drainage time, need for reintervention, need to change antibiotics and hospitalization time. Fifty-four patients aged seven months old to 10 years old with a diagnosis of empyema were analyzed. Male gender was predominant (54%), right hemithorax was the most affected (28 patients) and the duration of clinical symptoms ranged from one to 30 days. Thirty- two patients were previously treated with antibiotics and in 22% of cases bacterioscopy and / or culture were positive and the most common agent was Streptococcus pneumoniae (22%). Twenty-eight children underwent simple chest tube drainage and 26 underwent VATS. The variables age, history time and pH of the pleural fluid showed no significant differences. The drainage time was significantly lower in patients undergoing VATS (4.5 ± 1.8 days) (p < 0.001). The need for surgical approach was significantly higher in the group undergoing simple chest tube drainage (17.9%). Parapneumonic empyema chest drainage in children was more efficient in the group where there was VATS assistance, for being faster and not requiring another surgery in patient’s evolution