Influência da dieta hiperlipídica ricas em ácidos graxos saturados sobre o metabolismo, estrutura e função cardíaca de ratos com estenose aórtica supravalvar

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Campos, Dijon Henrique Salomé de [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Coração - Doenças; Arterias coronarias - Estenose; Estenose da válvula aórtica - Doenças; Estenose da válvula aórtica; Rato como animal de laboratorio; Aortic valve stenosis
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/113903

After an aggression, the heart undergoes remodeling to maintain its function stable; however, cardiac remodeling (CR) is time dependent and, in long term, may be harmful. The supravalvular aortic stenosis (AS) has been used to promote gradual development of left ventricular hypertrophy. It was observed that rats develop left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and improved systolic function after 2 and 6 weeks of AS. After 12 weeks, diastolic dysfunction is maintained and systolic performance deteriorates; around the 18th week, systolic dysfunction is accentuated and signs of heart failure appear. Different factors could contribute to the dysfunction in the experimental model of AS, such as oxygen or energy substrate deficit. Under normal aerobic conditions, approximately 70% of myocardial energy production comes from fatty acid metabolism, and glycolysis contribution is around 30%. Studies have showed that the responsible factor for the choice of cardiac energy substrate is the elevated plasma levels of fatty acids and triglycerides. Studies that used experimental models of heart failure found that the increase in energy supply by lipids did not change or improved RC. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the increased energy availability derived from lipids rich in saturated fatty acids restores myocardial energy balance, attenuating the pathological remodeling process. In order to test this hypothesis, we have evaluated the myocardial structure, function and metabolism of rats with AS fed with saturated high-fat diet. Male Wistar rats, 21 days old, were distributed into control group (Sham) or supravalvular aortic stenosis (AS); 6 weeks after surgery, rats were redistributed into two groups: fed with saturated high-fat diet or normolipidic diet (AS-N, n=12; Sham-N, n=14; AS-H, n=14 and Sham-H, n=14). The nutritional profile was determined. RC was characterized by the ...