Determinação de sólidos solúveis e firmeza em frutos íntegros de pessegueiro por meio da espectroscopia do infravermelho próximo (NIR)

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Paloma Andrade Martins [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pessego - Controle de qualidade; Análise espectral; Quimiometria; Controle de qualidade; Tecnologia de alimentos; Biotecnologia; Chemometrics.ç
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131954; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/01-12-2015/000854084.pdf

The peach tree is a fruit species native from China, which has been cultivated in temperate regions because it requires low temperatures for its development. However, in Brazilian sub-tropical and tropical conditions the 'Aurora 1' cultivar stands out as it needs few hours of chilling to break the bud dormancy, in addition the fruit is attractive in terms of external colour, and is a precocious cultivar with fruit been available first in the market. In general, when purchasing a fruit consumers expect that they are sweet, juicy, and with a desired firmness. The soluble solids content (SSC) and fruit firmness are important quality attributes for peach fruit acquisition and although the determination techniques for SSC and firmness are simple, they are destructive and relatively time consuming. An alternative method would be the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), as this technique allows the recognition of molecular structure, obtaining qualitative and quantitative information. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an analytical method using infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric tools to the determination of SSC and firmness in intact 'Aurora 1' peach fruit, and also verify the influence of maturity stages and fruit harvest season in the developed models. The calibration models were developed with peach fruits harvested in 2013 in three maturity stages, and at three different crops. The prediction model was developed with fruits harvested in 2014. The NIR spectra were collected in the regions of background colour and blush colour of the skin of each fruit. The spectra were obtained as log 1/R and various pre-processing techniques were employed. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to verify the cluster formation and the calibration model were developed using partial least squares regression (PLS). The model performance was evaluated ...